Fatores interferentes na ocorrência das vibrioses em camarão marinho cultivado (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone 1931) no litoral do estado de Pernambuco

Abstract

Diseases means any adverse alteration in the health or acting in the productivity of the animals. In shrimps, the diseases can be unchained when it occur an unbalance potentially among the environmental conditions of nurseries, the health condition of the cultivated shrimps and the pathogenic agents, associated with the employed handling. This way, it was aimed at to evaluate the sanitary conditions and to determine which the relevant factors in the attack of the vibrioses in shrimp cultivated Litopenaeus vannamei. In the period of December of 2005 to November of 2006, were collected and analyzed shrimp samples, water and nursery soil, as well as technical information on the handling adopted in a commercial shrimp culture located in the north of Pernambuco/ Brazil. The handling parameters were correlated through mathematical models (P <0,05) with the other data of the research. Concerning bacteriology, the shrimps and the water they were examined as for the vibrios load. In the same time, took place exams to fresh in the shrimps for verification of lesions macro and microscopic formerly present and, seeking the confirmation of the presence or necrosis absence. All of the analyses were accomplished at laboratories of the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). It was verified in the exam to cool air that as larger the level of detected pathological alterations and as larger the vibrios number in the water, smaller the vibrio number in the shrimps. Regarding the muscular necrosis, researched in the histopathology analyses, it was observed that as larger the number of lesions, larger the vibrios number. About the variables limnologica of the water, as larger at the concentrations of phosphate and the levels of salinity of the water, larger and smaller, respectively, the number of Vibrio spp.. In the analyses of oxygen, when larger levels were detected in the water, minor was the vibrios number detected in the shrimps. The species of isolated vibrio in the water of the ponds and in the shrimps, environmental or pathogenic, cause diseases in the animals when detected high countings that the physical and chemical parameters of the water and of the soil, they interfered on the vibriose occurrence and that relationship doesn't exist among the number of alterations observers in the exam to fresh with the vibrios number in the water of the ponds and in the shrimp.