Caracterização e gênese de uma topossequência neossolo quartzarênico – latossolo amarelo no Parque Nacional do Catimbau, Pernambuco.

Abstract

In the National Park Catimbau the genesis of Oxisols on sandstone lithology, is related to the translocation of clay on the side slopes. In this sense the objective of this study was to characterize the main processes involved in the genesis of these systems. We collected five soil profiles: Quartzipsamments (RQo1, RQo2, RQo3) Quartzipsamments (latosolic) (LAd1), Yellow Oxisol (Lad1) and Yellow Oxisol (LAd2). Generally are sandy and chemically very similar to each other, expressing strong relationship with the parent material (sandstone – Tacaratu Formation). They are highly acidic and low fertility, due to the low availability of cations and the predominance of H+ and Al3 + in the CTC. Available phosphorus (max. of 4.68 mg kg-1) and organic carbon (max. of 7.45 g kg-1) are low, the pH H2O (4.31 to 5.22), characterized soil reaction strongly acid. The sum of bases (SB) was low (0.2 to 1.7 cmolc kg-1), related to the nature of the parent material and climatic conditions. The content of iron oxides, aluminum and manganese (DCB, Ox, sulfuric and total) were low. Silicon (total) values were as high as a result of the siliceous parent material. The soils present clay mineralogy kaolinitic and oxidic kaolinitic, with a predominance of kaolinite and ocourrence of quartz, hematite, goethite and anatase. Morphoscopic analysis reveals a predominance of sand and fine sand coating of quartz grains subangular, shaped by ferruginous films. Micromorphological attributes do not have the features illuviation clay soils, shows the plasma area is isotropic and discontinuous around small part of the quartz material (5%). The porosity makes up about 40% of the samples and has been shown in the form of simple packaging. The statistical/sedimentologic analysis indicate no change in sedimentary processes. The content of titanium and zirconium were very low and not significant variation, indicating homogeneity of the parent material of soils.