Adsorção e disponibilidade de fósforo em solos com diferentes composições mineralógicas

Abstract

In order to study the influence of soil mineralogy on phosphate adsorption, samples from subsurface of five soils received doses of soluble sources of phosphorus. Such doses were defined recording to maximum phosphate adsorption capacity (MPAC) and corresponded to 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8 and 1.0 levels. After addition, soils samples were incubated for differents periods (90, 60, 30, 15 and 0,5 day) aiming to reach the P adsorption equilibrium at the same day. Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, Bray-1 and CaCl2 0,01 mol L-1 extractants were used to recover P from incubated soil samples. A block design experiment, factorial scheme, was utilized (2 soils, 5 doses and 5 periods of incubation). The soil characteristics that best estimed both the phosphorus capacity (PC) and the recovery of applied phosphorus were remaining P (rem-P) and MPAC. Soils with highest MPAC and PC, and lowest rem-P, presented higher reversibility of non-labile P (residual P) in lesser period of incubation. The 60 mg L-1 P concentration, employed in the rem-P characterization, does not seem adequate for proper P adsorption characterization of higly weathering soils.