Levantamento florístico e produtividade de macrófitas aquáticas ocorrentes em ambientes limnéticos do Estado de Pernambuco – Brasil

Abstract

A wide variety of aquatic macrophytes can be found on the banks of rivers or reservoirs (sluices and dams). They are important components of these ecosystems, consisting of stock portion of energy and matter in the first trophic level. However, due to the changed environment, some species begin to develop dense infestations,promoting a series of losses, and in this case are considered weeds. Thus the lifting of aquatic plants it is necessary therefore shows the degree of infestation of various species and distribution in water bodies studied. Due to the problems that some of these plants can cause and lack of information about this community in the state of Pernambuco, is that this study aimed to observe the diversity of aquatic and assess the productivity of some species through the observation of its capacity the regeneration of biomass. For this search, were elected five environments limnéticos different: Apipucos of Dam, Prata of Dam and Dois Irmãos of Dam (Metropolitan Region of Recife), Óleo Dam (Zona da Mata, Pernambuco) and Reservoir of Mundaú (Agreste of Pernambuco). At each station, were defined points of collections, which were chosen after collecting seat. The monitoring of aquatic was conducted during the period January 2006 to January 2007. The capacity for regeneration of aquaticwas observed in two of Weir and Friars for both was a demarcated area of 150m2 (10m x 15m) and considered a "zero time" to the beginning of the experiment, and from that date was made a visual tracking the regeneration and biomass produced, was performed three collections, following a time scale of 15, 45 and 90 days. The results showed the presence of 35 species, belonging to 18 families, and the most representative on the number of species: Lemnaceae (4), Pontederiaceae (4),Cyperaceae (3), Hydrocharitaceae (3), Lentibulariaceae (3), Limnocharitaceae (3) and Nymphaeaceae (3). The genera with the largest number of species found were Eichhornia Kunth (4 species), Nymphaea Smith and Utricularia L. species with 3 each. As regards the analysis of the capacity for regeneration was accompanied by the development of Salvinia Michell, Nymphaea Smith, Utricularia L., Cabomba Aubl.and Limnobium Richard. The data indicated that these plants had a large potential for regeneration, demonstrated by high levels of biomass. There was emphasis on Salvinia whose biomass ranged from 197.95 to 258.55 g.PS / meters in the period between 15 and 90 days of the experiment, respectively. There are also a positive correlation between biomass production and time scale.