Gesso mineral em cana-de-açúcar : efeitos no solo e na planta

Abstract

There has recently been an advance in cultivar genetic breeding on sugarcane production system, allowing development of plants adapted to climatic conditions,pest and disease resistance, while highly productive. That not withstanding, Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition research has been undervalued. So, research actions that may enhance sugarcane root environment in dystrophic and allic soil of the forest zone of Pernambuco will allow a significant yield gain. Mineral gypsum is a possible solution under these circumstances due to its high mobility on the arable layer, moving to below that. To evaluate mineral gypsum effects on soil and sugarcane nutrient absorption, an experiment was installed in a Sugar Mill Trapiche field, on Sirinhaem County, Pernambuco South Coast, on an Yellow Latossol. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, with a factorial arrangement with additional treatments (5 x 2 )+ 3, with three replicates. Treatments were by combinations of five doses of mineral gypsum, two meshdistribution classifications, with additional treatments absolute control, without gypsum or lime, lime applied alone and gypsum applied alone. Mineral gypsumincreased exchangeable calcium content and base saturation values on subsurface and reduced exchangeable aluminum content and saturation; magnesium and potassium was not observed, and soil pH was not significantly altered. Gypsum induced aluminum saturation for all soil profile layers, of meshdistribution classification, but gypsum with particle size distribution was more effective than finer for this reduction. Increases in calcium and sulfur leaf contents and reduction in magnesium, potassium and phosphorus leaf contents were observed levels increase, as well as estimated sugarcane agricultural yield.