A contribuição de zonas antropogênicas na dinâmica de uso e consumo de recursos vegetais na caatinga

Abstract

Anthropogenic areas constitute an important source for plants obtainment in tropical regions, cause in them several plants are found for different purposes, such as medicinal, food and wood. The aim of this work is identify the role of the anthropogenic areas in the dynamic of use of vegetable resources, as well as assess the recognition of the found species and their uses, using visual stimuli, photos and exsicates, in a caatinga area in the state of Pernambuco. The studied area is the community of Carão, localised in the municipality of Altinho (countrified area of Pernambuco). Monthly excursions to the area were realised to collect ethnobotanical information using the checklist-interview method. A botanical survey of the vegetation was done using the parcel method, aiming to register the vegetable resources available in those areas; evaluate the dynamic of availability of those resources considering the climatic seasonality of caatinga; analyse if there is relation between the use and habit in those areas. 119 species were found, distributed in 36 families. From the total, 79 species were considered useful, being forage the main abundant in the studied area with 84% of citations, followed by medicinal (36,70%), food (10,12%) and wood (8,86%). Herbaceous species are the predominant species (63,29%), followed by sub-shrubs (21,51%), trees (8,86%), shrubs(3,79%) and vines(2,53%). Arboreal species have major quantity of uses in relation to other habits and those valueswere significantly different (p<0,05). Significant differences were found in the number of taxa, with major richness of species ( 2= 60,28; p<0,05), genus ( 2= 49,03; p<0,05) and families ( 2= 20,16; p<0,05), during the rainy period. The plants most easily recognised by the informants, are not, necessarily, the most abundant (p= 0,079, rs= -0,21). The studied anthropogenic areas constitute very disturbed environments, being herbaceous the majority of the found plants and the main cited uses, forage and medicinal, are related to the life habit of those species.