Pescadores artesanais em Ipojuca : análise da vulnerabilidade socioambiental associada à construção da refinaria Abreu e Lima, Pernambuco

Abstract

In Brazil, artisanal fishing is distributed between the marketing abroad (exports) and domestic consumption. In the coastal communities, of artisanal fishing as an activity, generates for the coastal population source, of livelihood for the most part for those who survive, from the marketing of fish products, thus bringing, the support of much of this population, through the generation of income directly or indirectly related. The Petroleum Refineries, especially those located in coastal regions, are large projects that profoundly and permanently alter the natural environments of their area of influence. Located in the Industrial Port Suape - CIPS Ipojuca-PE, the Northeast Refinery - Abreu e Lima - is to support an important pole of development of economic activities for the Northeast. This study, aims to examine the environmental and economic impacts, on the fishing population, resulting from the construction of oil development: Abreu e Lima refinery in Port and Industrial Complex Suape (CIPS). To achieve this methodology, was used as a semi-structured interviews with sample space, distributed in the colony of fishermen Z-12 and representatives of state and federal, court related to fishing. Although the methodology, were defined degrees of vulnerability, depending on the knowledge of respondents to situations of risk or danger, arising from the construction of the Abreu e Lima, PE and presented in the Environmental Impact Assessment - EIA Refinery. The theoretical framework was based on the Economy and Sustainable Development, Agenda 21, Brazilian and location Ipojuca Environmental Impacts - Studies and Reports Abreu e Lima / PE and Environmental Management and Vulnerability. The set of answers given by interviewees enabled us to know the vulnerability scale, the degree to which the study population, was exposed considering the subjects' knowledge, risk and hazard, identified by the EIA of the Abreu e Lima. Finally, the results support, the need for greater investment in knowledge, related to the construction of a petroleum refinery, with a view to the future consequences for fishing the survival of the ecosystem and the people who depend on natural resources in the region.