Análise fractal da vascularização da membrana vitelina de embriões de codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica)submetidas a dietas enriquecidas com ácidos graxos poliinsaturados em diferentes concentrações

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different fat dietary on serum lipid profile in Japanese quails and on vascular growth in the embryos vitelline membrane (VM). These birds were fed with supplemented feed with fish oil or soybean oil. The experiment was conducted with 80 quail, distributed in five treatments named Diet Control (DC), Fish Oil (FO 2%), Fish Oil 4% (FO 4%),Soybean Oil 2% (SO 2%) and Soybean Oil 4% (SO 4%), in a ratio of 1 male to 3 females. Fertilized eggs incubated at 37.5°C for 24 hours were opened and after removal of 1 mL of albumen the window was sealed with parafilm. From 72 hours incubation images of VM vascular network were captured at intervals of 24 hours over three days. DLA were generated in order to compare their fractal dimension (D) with the VM and test whether the method affects the value of D. To obtain the average value of D of the VM vascularization and DLA were used box-counting (Dbc) and information dimension (Di) methods. An enzymatic colorimetric method was used to estimate lipid profile. The total cholesterol (TC) levels of the groups showed no difference between itself. The total triglycerides (TG) of the FO 2% and FO 4% groups were higher than the groups DC, SO 2% and SO 4%. For HDL, the group FO 4% differ in relation to other groups. The embryos MV vascularization, evaluated by fractal dimension (D), of the group FO 4% was less than the MV vascularization of the group DC, SO 2% and FO 2%. The MV vascularization of the group SO 4% was lower only when compared with group DC. The PUFA supplementation in groups FO 2% and SO 2% did not interfered with MV vascularization. The DLA fractal dimension obtained by the Dbc and Di was higher than those observed for the MV fractal dimension for all experimental groups. Differences between the values of D obtained by these methods (Dbc e Di) were statistically significant for all groups. The vitelline membrane shows an experimental model suitable for vasculogenesis study. The fractal analysis shows to be a reliable mathematical method to quantify vascular growth in vivo such as the vitelline membrane.