Uso da lenha como insumo energético na produção do artesanato: um estudo da percepção ambiental dos artesãos do barro da cidade de Tracunhaém/PE

Abstract

The craft of clay in the city of Tracunhaém is an important sector of economic activity that generates employments and income for many families and features renowned artists, which makes the city one of the largest referral centers in the art of modeling clay in the country. This activity uses in its production process as the main energy input to the wood, and this demand causes a considerable impact on local biomes. The study was conducted by the Association of craftsmen Tracunhaém city, located in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco. Data collection was conducted between June- December 2011, through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with artisans to analyze the environmental perception regarding the use of forest biomass (wood) of the forest in its activity. Examined the context of craft activity in the city of Tracunhaém / PE, it was found that the majority of artisans (craftsmen 49) have their own wood-fired ovens in operation, and 29 artisans who did not have ovens themselves, but use third-party electric furnaces and 03, only 01 active and 02 kilns remain unused due to lack of a training program, enabling craftsmen to handle them properly to avoid accidents, it was identified that wood is the main source of energy matrix for the craft, was also identified that 70% of wood consumed comes from the backwoods of Pernambuco wood and 23% comes from the state of Paraiba. Further identified that 7% of firewood consumed is unknown. It was found that 79% of artisans (craftsmen 62) use an average of 05 cubic meters of wood per week, the activity of its ceramics since this demand is considerable development activity weekly. It is therefore necessary for the implementation of actions by the Municipality of Tracunhaém / PE in relation to environmental education for the artisans of the clay can make sustainable use of firewood on his craf activity.