Desigualdade de oportunidades no meio rural do estado de Pernambuco

Abstract

The variables of circumstance and relevant effort to each individual constitute the inequality of opportunity (ROEMER, 1998). Thus, the main objective of this paper is to measure inequality of opportunity for access to school services, energy, water and sanitation provided to the rural population of Pernambuco between 2000 and 2010. Therefore, through the method used by Barros (2009) we estimated coverage rate, the index of dissimilarity (D) and human opportunity index (HOI) for this population. The result found for these indicators showed improvements in provision of these services during the studied years. It is noteworthy that HOI in 2000 was 46.76% passing in 2010 to 59.84%, in other words, in this period of ten years there has been more equitable distribution of opportunities among this specific population. After the breakdown of the estimated indicators, it can be seen that access to water and sanitation services are at the greatest deficit in their distributions. Thus, although the inequality of opportunities among the rural population has been softened between these years, there are many gaps to achieve completely the fair distribution of opportunities, requiring more effort from governments in formulation of public policies that promote equitable access to these services.