História do Museu de Ciências Naturais do Parque Estadual de Dois Irmãos : uma análise da coleção e representação da natureza musealizada

Abstract

In this dissertation, we propose to understand, through the Natural Science Museum of the Dois Irmãos State Park (MCNPEDI), the idea of nature historically and culturally produced by the institution, grounded in the analysis of the museum's collection. Thus, this research also investigates the representation of nature through "musealized" nature. Additionally, through the collection of sources, this study examines the trajectory of the institution. As a theoretical framework, we draw on the works of Mutschler (2008), Worster (1988), Pádua (2010), Souza (2019), Passmore (1995), Daston and Galison (2007) to understand what nature is and how it can be represented. We also address the relationship between the museum and the State from the perspective of Bourdieu (2014), Menezes (2002), and Bennett (1995). The concept of musealization is approached through Brulon (2019), Desvallées and Mairesse (2013), and musealization in the context of natural science museums with Landim and Soler (2017). We also discuss the concept of representation based on Chartier (1990). From a methodological point of view, this is a documentary, exploratory, and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, using inference, description, and interpretation procedures of the data collected through primary and oral sources. The investigation's findings confirmed that MCNPEDI went through three phases, each addressing the idea of nature in completely different ways. The first phase is characterized by a more self-taught narrative of nature, while the second phase adopts a more technical and scientific conception and representation of nature. In the last phase, the dismantling of the collection was observed. Finally, the investigation concludes that the relationship between the museum and the State is crucial for the survival of any institution, as the trajectory of MCNPEDI highlights the pursuit of this legitimization, and its absence ultimately led to the loss of its invaluable collection.