Proposição de artefatos e atividades para o ensino e aprendizagem do pensamento computacional junto aos licenciandos em Computação

Abstract

Algorithmic thinking, pattern recognition, decomposition and abstraction are terms that structure the strategies of Computational Thinking and are presented in this work as new skills that can be developed by students and teachers who seek to insert other learning possibilities in basic education. A teaching aimed at the 21st century, where digital technologies are so present and that the active use of computer systems also involves understanding the scientific principles of the science that underpins such technologies. Then there is talk of a computational science with its concepts and strategies for solving problems that can be computed; in innovative and creative solutions using programming languages, mathematical and computational logic; in software engineering strategies and other areas of knowledge that may have practical applications in problems that must be understood, structured, analyzed and, thus, found the most efficient solutions. This work presents several activities and artifacts, some original, others adapted that can be used, improved or serve as inspirations to teach and learn in a way that involves practice and theory together with an intra-disciplinary approach having experimentation and critical analysis as practices that should be encouraged to teachers and students. The artifacts and activities presented seek to demonstrate the potential of teaching and learning Computational Thinking in basic education, with or without the use of computers, as another alternative to equip teachers and students to understand its foundations and pillars, considered by researchers such as Christian P. Brackmann and Jeannette M. Wing essential skills in times of digital technologies. For the evaluation and verification of their practical potential, the activities and artifacts were presented to the students of the Degree in Computing at UFRPE in the EaD modality, in synchronous meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed with observations, suggestions for improvements and adequacy. in a possible pedagogical practice using the artifacts. It was also the aim of this work to understand the document "Guidelines for Teaching Computing in Basic Education", prepared and published by the Brazilian Computer Society that seeks to align the teaching of Computing to the general education skills recommended by the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). Therefore, we sought to contribute to meaningful teaching and learning in a world surrounded by technologies based on concepts and skills that will help students and teachers expand their knowledge and strategies for educational development using Computational Thinking together with other knowledge. of human knowledge.