Finanças e orçamentos na Província de Pernambuco: administrações, atribuições e cotidiano de seus órgãos fazendários, 1820-1840

Abstract

This study sought to analyses, the operation and the dismemberment of the two farmhouses in Pernambuco, the treasury of the farm, of national scope, and the provincial treasury, pointing to the differences and similarities in the notes of their attributions and activities of compliance with the many and varied legislations that were in force in the period under study. It was also verified how the budgets were changed over the years of the 1820s and 1830s comparing the transformations of their structures, what the participation of the Province of Pernambuco and its dynamics of what was destined for its administration, as well as the analysis of the changes in the percentages that belonged to Pernambuco in the general amount from the moment of the local construction of the budget letters. The time cut in the first two decades of Brazil's independence was for a deepening of the fiscal analyses, interacting the budgets with the balance sheets presented in letters by the treasurers to the President of the Province The observations of the direct documentation and that gave an insight into the activities and relations of the two farm houses, not only showed the differentiation of the attributions and the treatment of the farm businesses between the institutions, as it was also possible to see these bodies contribute to the construction and consolidation of the country and the province of Pernambuco. The procedures of the Casas das Fazendas were directly influenced by the political disputes that came to prevail in the independent territory of Brazil. From the formation of the first Transitional Government after the Convention of Beberibe in 1821, to the development of a certain character of permanence after the Confederation of the Equator, Pernambuco sought, and took for itself, not only the political administration of the province, but also a greater authority over its finances. For the national treasury, from the bureaucratic point of view, all these new delineations brought the need for adaptations that deeply affected their daily lives, their attributions. For the provincial treasury, the new legislation allowed the formation and consolidation of its activities in a safer way than the national one, giving the Province of Pernambuco greater knowledge and control over the collection and situation of the public coffers. The strong impositions of the punctuality of the transfer of money from the instalments to which Pernambuco was obliged by the central government, even if contracting loans, was a decisive element for the definition of the situation of the vault of the Province of Pernambuco at the end of the period under study, and although the separation of the farm houses have proved beneficial to Pernambuco, one cannot help noticing that this amount that came out of the northern provinces to structure the central-south provinces, was one of the factors of the current imbalance of regional economic development in Brazil.