Análise química e efeito antifúngico de Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbu) frente a leveduras do gênero Candida

Abstract

Infections caused by fungi have become an increasing public health problem and this fact has been aggravated by the emergence of new resistance mechanisms. Given this, natural products have been sought as an alternative in combating these pathogens. Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Umbu) is a Brazilian semiarid plant of importance in traditional medicine. Based on this context and the importance of conservation of the species, this work aimed to analyze the chemical composition and comparatively evaluate the antifungal action and the potential virulence inhibitor of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves and roots of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbu) against strains of the genus Candida. The analysis of the chemical components of leaves and roots was performed by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Antifungal assays were performed against C. albicans and C. tropicalis (standard and isolated clinical type) by microdilution to determine the IC50 and to obtain the cell viability curve under the intrinsic action of extracts and fluconazole (control) and extract / drug combination form. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was performed by subculture. To verify the effect on yeast morphology and inhibition of yeast virulence, microculture chambers were prepared. In the identification of the extracts it was verified mainly the presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The extracts had a fungistatic effect (≥ 16,384 μg / mL) and, in their combination with Fluconazole, at some concentrations, the effect was synergistic. In the morphological transition the extracts were able to inhibit or reduce the filaments of the tested strains in progressive concentrations. The obtained results showed that the leaf extracts have similar effect to the roots, and thus can be an alternative to reduce the impact caused by the use of the roots, seeking to contribute to the conservation and management of the species.