Uso das figuras de Chladni no ensino de Física

Abstract

This work presents a study on the use of the resonant Chladni patterns in the physics teaching for ninth grade (9th) students from the elementary school. We developed a didactic sequence with the general theme Acoustics with a class of students from a public elementary school, who had contact with the contents of physics for the first time. Some concepts of David Ausubel's Meaningful Learning Theory were applied in this didactic sequence, aiming to probe the level of intuitive knowledge and common sense of these students, through the accomplishment of some practical activities and the development of some experimentation scripts with a proposed apparatus, serving as useful support material or as a tutorial for teachers of general science in elementary and high school, as well as for use by undergraduate students of the university's undergraduate and bachelor of physics courses. The use of the experimental apparatus proposed in this work intends to intermediate the process of obtaining abstract physical knowledge such as: sound waves, standing waves, resonance, normal modes of vibration of a membrane, among other subjects. We intend with this work to make such concepts more relevant and contextualized for the students. It is possible to use Chladni's resonant patterns in the teaching of physics as a strong ally of the teacher in the teaching of Acoustics, as it contributes to increase the interest of students and teachers in the classroom, improving also the overall learning for everybody.