A linguagem das fake news : um estudo sobre o discurso do período eleitoral de 2018

Abstract

This research arises from the need to understand the fake news phenomenon from the constitution of its linguistic aspects and its relationship with the political-social spectrum. We believe that the dissemination of fake news on social networks serves certain political and ideological interests, especially in the case of an ongoing electoral process. With that in mind, we seek to understand how the fake news reception process takes place in Brazilian society, taking into account discourse, cognition and power relations, knowing that readers who come into contact with these discourses on social networks, depending on degree of informativeness or education, are influenced by this content. In this sense, we have as a general objective to understand how fake news of the Brazilian electoral period of 2018 is constituted to identify the discursive strategies that corroborate the maintenance of power relations in society, in addition to having a relationship with the confirmation of personal beliefs and their emotional relationship, aligned to the cognitive proposal For this, specifically, we will: i) Investigate the textual-discursive materiality of fake news on social networks and its establishment as a genre; ii) Identify how cognition and power relations are established in the construction of fake news of the 2018 electoral period; iii) Analyze fake news seeking to identify the discursive strategies implemented that influenced the electoral period of 2018. As the main theoretical contribution of the research, authors Martelotta (2008), van Dijk (2000, 2012, 2015, 2008b), Maturana (2002), Damásio (2009) and Tomasello (1999). In order to carry out the research methodologically, we analyzed a corpus made up of 106 fake news articles checked by Agência Lupa from August to October 2018, related to the political axis and labeled as fake content by the agency. As results achieved, we conclude that fake news communicates disinformation, in addition to promoting power relations based on access to certain discourses, in which, in the relationship of building and maintaining a disinformation network, there is the power to influence and modify positions, such as voting for candidate x or y, for example.