Qualidade de solo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes manejos

Abstract

Soils worked in certain farming systems, point to a new state of equilibrium, manifesting different changes of its attributes. Those that may be contrary to the conservation of the productive capacity of these soils. Thus, management systems should advocate increased productivity, always tending due to environmental sustainability. This work aims to evaluate the quality of soil cultivated with sugarcane on different managements, through biological, physical and chemical properties. For this, an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in dry land cropping system. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme 4x2, plasterboard consists of four doses (0;1; 2 e 4 t ha-1) and, with or without soil preparation by disking (CP e SP), respectively. The areas analyzed were separated by different management systems adopted. The assessed physical attributes were: soil density, pore distribution by size, aggregate stability, porosity, water retention curve in the soil and moisture at field capacity. For chemical analysis, we determined the levels of exchangeable Ca2+, and the pH of soil. For the analysis of biological traits we evaluated the total carbon content of the soil, water-soluble carbon, microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration. Statistical analyzes were performed using the statistical SISVAR program. The chemical, physical and biological soil were subjected to principal components analysis (PCA). The plaster doses influenced the Microbial Biomass Carbon of the Total Organic Carbon and Respiration Basal. There was a significant interaction (p≤0,05) between depths collection (0-10 e 10-20 cm) for Microbial Biomass Carbon, calcium content in the soil, and total organic carbon. Soil management significantly influences the physical, chemical and biological soil.