Mecanismos de ação da melatonina sobre os testículos de ratos diabéticos a nível celular e imunohistoquímico

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a hyperglycaemic disorder considered a public health case. It can affect several organs including the male reproductive system such as the testicles, in this one can cause diverse disorders like low hormonal production, spermatozoa, weight loss and tissue morphometric abnormalities. Leading to damage to the health of man. This disease is associated in its histopathology with the increase of inflammation and oxidative stress. Nowadays, the use of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules such as melato nin has been highlighted. This pineal hormone that is associated with sleep regulation has been used in several pathologies as a therapeutic alternative. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the use of melatonin in diabetic rats on the testes at the cellular and immunohistochemical level. Fifty albino rats were divided into the following groups: GC: rats without diabetes induction; GD: rats induced to diabetes and treated with placebo; GDI: diabetes-induced and post-confirmation rats treated with GDM insulin: diabetes-induced and post-confirmation mice treated with melatonin and GDMS: diabetes-induced mice and simultaneously treated with melatonin. Melatonin was administered at a dosage of 10 mg / kg in water, every day for 20 days at night. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg / kg) and confirmed after the fifth day of induction. Insulin was administered at 5 U / day for 20 days. The testes were submitted to histopathological, morphometric, immunohistochemical and tissue oxidative stress analysis. The results demonstrated that melatonin simultaneously was able to decrease glycemic index, besides normalizing morphometric parameters altered by diabetes. In addition, melatonin did not alter did not interfere in body or testicular weight standards nor in TBARS levels including diabetic animals. It also increased levels of androgen receptor, total testosterone and reduced glutathione (GSH). E decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Thus, it was concluded that melatonin acted to decrease morphometric, glycemic and inflammatory parameters associated with diabetes. In addition to acting regulate the balance of oxidative stress by increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and regulating levels of total testosterone and androgen receptor. Showing their capacity as a therapeutic agent in diabetes.