Potencial nutritivo de plantas consumidas por caprinos em área de caatinga antropizada

Abstract

The botanical species of the Caatinga have high forage potential, being considered as major components of the diet of goats and sheep in the Northeast. However, when the Caatinga is subjected to anthropogenic disturbances such as deforestation and burning among other holdings managed improperly. The identification of species most consumed by animals in this biome linked to knowledge of the nutritional quality of each, as well as by selection of diet by animals, will adequately predict the performance of animals in this system, as well as maximize the efficiency of use of nutrients. With that aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation kinetics and ruminal degradation, through automatic technique for gas production in vitro of forage species most consumed by goats in caatinga anthropized in the backwoods of Alagoas. The experiment was conducted in the Development and Dissemination of Rural Technologies Hinterland Alagoas Station, belonging to the State Department of Agriculture and Agrarian Development, located in AL-Piranhas. Samples of species of native or introduced vegetation in the caatinga and diet (extrusa) five goats rumen fistulated in anthropic caatinga area with approximately 24 hectares, were evaluated. The experimental period for sample collection lasted 84 days and was divided into five sub-periods of 21 days each. For the choice of species assessed five goats rumen fistulated were monitored visually by observers previously trained in the area of Caatinga. Observed consumption and the species were collected: Hypolytrum Pungens (capim navalha), Mimosa tenuiflora (jurema preta), Croton heliotropiifolius (velame), Neoglaziovia variegata (caroá), Melochia tomentosa L (capa bode), Caesalpinea bracteosa Tul (catingueira), Prosopis Juliflora (algaroba), Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. (pereiro) e Bromelia Laciniosa (macambira) besides the Serrapilheira. To perform the analysis in vitro gas production of plant species were chosen: catingueira, velame e caroá. Statistical analyzes of the chemical composition of forage species and diet composed of the extrusa were performed using PROC GLM of SAS statistical software, assuming a completely randomized design. For gas production in vitro descriptive analysis was performed. Periods affected the nutritional value of forage species, but did not influence the diet evaluated from the extrusa. The cumulative gas production for the caroá species showed higher medium values after 48 hours of incubation, which is the last time reading of the assay.