Potencial biotecnológico de amostras de Rhizopus isoladas de solos da caatinga do nordeste, Brasil na produção de monohexosilceramidas, quitina e quitosana

Abstract

Three samples of Rhizopus stolonifer UCP1300, R. microsporus UCP1304, R. arrhizus UCP1295, isolated from caatinga soils of Northeastern Brazil, were evaluated, evaluating the biotechnological potential in the production of glycosphingolipids, chitin and chitosan. The investigations carried out with Rhizopus stolonifer and R. microsporus sources in the MOS demonstrated the presence of a new biomolecule characterized as monohexosilceramides (CMHs), a highly conserved glycosphingolipídeo, suggesting that the several cellular forms, mainly, without growth, in the differentiation and in the change morphological. The antimicrobial activity assays of HCM were evaluated by Gram-positive and Gram-negative by the diffusion test in agar, observing the bacteria positive for Gram positive and negative. However, an antibacterial activity was performed only for Gram negative bacteria. It was also observed that the viability of the cells form the structure of the biofilm, being the results of the unpublished. And a CMH isolated from R. microsporus was able to inhibit the biofilm formation of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in all parameters tested. The production of the chitin and chitosan copolymers by Rhizopus arrhizus UCP 1295 was investigated using the effluent from the millet juice and juice industry with alternative and low cost substrates. The biomass obtained was lyophilized and subjected to alkaline-acid treatment to obtain chitin and chitosan. The polysaccharides were characterized by spectroscopy in the infrared region. It was observed that the highest production of biomass (14,11g / L) was produced without test 6 (8% industrial effluent, 5% corncine and pH 5). However, the highest yield of chitosan (23.91 mg / g) was higher in chitosan (16.93 mg / g) without test 3 (4% industrial effluent, 0% corn and pH 7). test 1 (4% industrial effluent, 0% corncine and pH 5). The chitin and chitosan polysaccharides have a degree of acetylation of 86% and a degree of deacetylation of 71.4%, respectively. The production of chitin and chitosan is based on the conversion of the sweet industrial product into the renewable and alternative substrate, into industrial production, production and product quality. The studies carried out with the strains of Rhizopus stolonifer UCP1300, R. microsporus UCP1304, R. arrhizus UCP1295, indicated potential of biotechnological growth, demonstrated promising antibacterial activity and applicability in the pharmaceutical industry.