Determinantes das diferenças regionais de prêmio salarial por ensino superior no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation searches to identify the determinants of differences in salary premiums for higher education in Brazil, from the regional perspective, in the period from 2012 to 2015. It is therefore intended to investigate what state characteristics, besides those pointed out by the traditional theories of human capital, segmentation and discrimination in the labor market, can explain wage inequality inequalities for workers with higher education. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a rescue of these theories was carried out and some empirical studies aimed at explaining the differences in wages were punctuated. Subsequently, earnings equations by the Horvitz-Thompson (H-T) method were estimated quarterly using PNAD Contínua data. From the results of these estimates, panel data regressions were performed to identify the characteristics of the states that may exert influence over the higher education wage premium. The analyzes of the results were made considering the premium for pure higher education and the gap in relation to the award for secondary education. The results pointed out the existence of heterogeneity in the distribution of the wage premium by higher education, in addition to a downward trend in time. Finally, greater access to higher education can be made, as well as the wage differences in relation to secondary education. In addition, they also exert a measure of the degree of participation in the workforce.