Balanço de energia em edificação urbana com cobertura verde simulada

Abstract

The green roof, technology that consists of the application and use of soil and vegetation installed in the covering of buildings, is a great solution to combat heat islands, in addition to acting as an acoustic insulation, which hinders the transfer of heat, cold and noise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the micrometeorological changes and the effect on the energy balance on a non-vegetated building (slab) and vegetated roof (simulated green roof), by reference evapotranspiration (ETo), by the Penman-Monteith method. The study was carried out between February 1st and september 30th 2016, on the Charles Darwin building garage of Rio Ave Empreendimentos, in Recife, PE, Brazil. A micrometeorological tower were installed for measurement of radiation balance, solar radiation, wind speed, atmospheric pressure and precipitation. The temperature and relative humidity was measured in 20 cm and 160 cm. The components of energy balance were obtained by the Bowen ratio method. The results on the non-vegetation building indicate the sensible heat flux accounts for 75 % of the net radiation, the latent heat flux corresponds to 22 % and heat flow in the ground corresponds to 3%. In the simulated green roof area the sensible heat flux accounts for 6 % of the net radiation, the latent heat flux corresponds to 87 % and heat flow in the ground accounts for 7 %. The radiation balance for the simulated green roof was lower than that of the slab, reducing the available energy for the sensible heat flow, concomitant to the greater latent heat flux caused by the greater amount of water available in the evaporative processes.