Caracterização de solos e pedogênese em lagoa temporária no semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

Research on wetlands in the Brazilian semi-arid (wetlands) are concentrated in the fields of limnology, ecology and botany. There are also few studies related to pedogenesis and soil characterization of these environments. Therefore the aim of this study was to characterize 4 soil profiles in a temporary pond with purpose to identify and understand the pedogenic processes and classify soils according to the Brazilian System of Soil Classification (SiBCS) and WRB / FAO. The study was carried out in four soil profiles distributed in a dry lagoon, in the municipality of Parnamirim-PE. The profiles were morphologically described and the horizons evaluated for physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. The main processes identified in the genesis of the studied soils were gleation, salinization, calcification and bissialitization. The profiles P1 and P2, located in the central part of the pond, were classified as Vertissolos Hydromorphic, P1 being Vertissolos Hydromorphic Orthic Solodic (Haplic Vertisols (Pantogleyic Hypereutric)) and P2 Vertisoil Hydromorphic Orthic saline (Haplic Vertisols (Pantogleyic Hypereutric)). P3 was classified as Gleisssolo Haplic Ta Eutrophic Soluble (Eutric Gleyic Cambisol (Densic)). Profile 4 was classified as typical Hapless Eucalyptus Planosol (Stagnic Luvisol (Densic, Differentic, Magnesic)). Calcium carbonate concretions are present in the P3 and P4 profiles. The soils of the studied temporary lagoon belonged to the taxonomic systems SiBCS and WRB and present attributes similar to the soils of the semi-arid region of Brazil.