Detecção de DNA de Mycobacterium bovis em sangue, leite e queijo coalho pela qPCR e análise dos fatores associados à infecção em rebanhos bovinos da microrregião Garanhuns, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to detect the occurrence of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle and artisanal cheese through real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) to identify possible agent's outbreaks and its potential risk to public health. Samples of 401 animals were analyzed, with no history of bovine tuberculosis, from 20 properties of the 19 municipalities that forms the microregion Garanhuns, dairy region of Pernambuco, Brazil.The 107 samples of cheese were coming from open-air markets, bakeries and neighborhood grocery stores of the municipalities located in the Garanhuns. The qPCR was used to identify a fragment corresponding to the difference in region 4 (RD4) of M. bovis. Of all analyzed samples, nine (2.2%) were positive and the presence of M. bovis DNA was confirmed by sequencing. Of the nine positive samples, one (11.1%) was a milk sample and eight (88.9%) were blood. Positive animals were identified in six (30%) properties. None of the risk factors evaluated were statistically associated with bovine tuberculose. Of the 107 samples analyzed cheese, three (2.8%) were positive for DNA detection of M. bovis and confirmed by sequencing. The identification of the DNA of M. bovis in biological samples of cattle from Garanhuns as well as artisanal cheese marketed in this region show the importance of the implementation of control measures for bovine tuberculosis to ensure not only the health of animals as well minimize risks to public health.