Farelo de mamona autoclavado na alimentação de suínos e frangos de corte

Abstract

Two experiments were made with barrows in order to evaluate the nutritional value of autoclaved castor meal (CMAut.) and the performance of pigs fed with increasing levels of it. The castor meal was produced in biodiesel factory after being washed in ethanol at 80 °C and subsequent drying. In the detoxification routine the following sequential procedures were adopted: mixture of castor meal with 6% of calcium oxide, hydratation in 1:1 proportion, autoclaving at the pressure of 1.23 atm, at 104°C for 90 minutes, and sun drying. Randomized blocks based on the initial weight of the pigs, and one animal per experimental unit were used for the experiments. In the metabolism trial eight barrows with average weight of 40 ± 1.23 kg were used to calculate the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and corrected AME to nitrogen (AMEn) of the CMAut. Two treatments and four replications were established. The applied diets were one Reference Diet (RD) and one Test Diet with 80% of the RD and 20% of the CMAut. In the performance trial, which lasted 35 days, 25 barrows were used with weight average of 28.1 ± 0.72 kg. Five levels of the CMAut (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) were applied with five replicates per treatment for the performance evaluation, and in the end of the experiment, a carcass evaluation was made through ultrasonic measures “in vivo”, and blood samples was taken to biochemical parameters evaluation. It was concluded that the CMAut had an AME value of 2412 kcal/kg and AMEn value of 1937 kcal/kg, and that this alternative ingredient under the presented conditions may be included in diets of pigs in growth at levels up to 20% without affecting performance and carcass evaluation by ultrasound. Blood biochemical parameters proved that the CMAut didn’t present toxic characteristics which caused metabolic dysfunction in the pigs.