Ocorrência da infecção pelo vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) e rinotraqueíte infecciosa bovina (IBR) em búfalos no estado de Pernambuco

Abstract

The objective of this study was to diagnose the epidemiological aspects of Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVDV) and Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus (IBR) in buffaloes in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 244 buffalo blood samples collected from the municipalities of Agrestina (n = 5), Água Preta (n = 50), Canhotinho (n = 21), Quipapá (n = 5), Ribeirão (113) And Rio Formoso (n = 50). The search for anti-BVDV and anti-BoHV-1 antibodies was performed by the virus neutralization (VN) technique. To analyze the association between the serological status for BoHV-1 infection and the aspects of hygienic-sanitary and reproductive management, an investigative questionnaire was applied with objective questions regarding the general characteristics of the property, productive, reproductive and sanitary management. An occurrence of 97.9% (239/244) of anti-BVDV antibodies and 56.1% (137/244) anti-BoHV-1 was observed. Co-infection was observed in 55.3% (135/244) of the animals. It was observed that 100.0% of the properties showed at least one animal positive for both infections. The distribution of antibodies to buffaloes by properties varied from 90.5% to 100.0% for BVDV and from 4.8% to 100.0% for BoHV-1. It was not possible to perform the association analysis for BVDV infection; however, for the BoHV-1 infection, the variables that presented a significant association were: extensive breeding system (P <0.001); Open herd (P = 0.029); Absence of reproductive rest (P = 0.029); Natural mating in females with reproductive problems (P <0.001); Type of exploration (P = 0.0014); Presence of wild animals (P <0.001) and absence of cleaning of the facilities (P = 0.008). It is concluded that Bovine Viral Diarrhea and Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus infections occur in buffaloes in the state of Pernambuco. Thus, it is suggested that prophylaxis measures such as routine diagnosis, animal reproductive control, and strict hygienic-sanitary care should be implemented in the properties in order to reduce the reproductive losses caused by these infections.