Avaliação de sistemas de inseminação artificial com observação de estro ou em tempo fixo em vacas de corte azebuadas

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to compare the results of the pregnancy obtained by the association of conventional Artificial Insemination (AI) with synchronized estrus together with GnRH in TAI with those of classical TAI in zebu cows. A total of 677 cows were synchronized with a progesterone vaginal device (P4) and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) on D1, D7 all cows received 530 μg of PGF2α and D9 implants were removed and all animals received 400 IU of eCG and were evaluated in three experiments divided as follows. In first experiment, 190 cows, without temporarily calf weaning and after removal of devices were divided into three groups: control group called EC received 0.4 mg of estradiol cypionate (EC) and TAI were inseminated 48 hours after removal of devices. The second and third groups did not receive ovulation inductor in removal of devices and were named ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS and ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS. These cows were observed for onset of estrus four times (12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) and those that showed estrus during this period were inseminated by the AM / PM method where estrus in the morning AI late afternoon and estrus in the afternoon with AI on the morning of next day; cows who have not appearing in estrus during this period of 48 hours after devices were removed, received 25 μg of GnRH and were inseminated immediately in the group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS and 6 hours after application of GnRH cows from ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS were inseminated. In the 2nd experiment 242 cows were subjected to similar protocol, but was held temporarily weaned calves after removal of the implants. At the 3rd experiment 245 cows were subjected to two experimental protocols but using P4 devices previously used. Cows were examined by 5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography 45 days after insemination to detect pregnancy in experiments 1 and 2 and 35 days in experiment 3. In experiment 1, cows received the following pregnancy rates: group EC 58.18%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 56.21% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 61.97%. In experiment 2 pregnancy rates were: group EC 57.83%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 57.50% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 53.16%. In experiment 3 pregnancy rates were: group EC 57.14%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 56.10% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 54.43%. No significant difference were seen (p > 0,05) between the groups. In spite of the protocols showing equivalent results, its costs and labor hamper its use, and the use of classic TAI is simpler and more economically viable.