Avaliação do conhecimento dos tutores de cães e gatos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco sobre plantas medicinais e da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do barbatimão (Abarema cochliacarpos) em bactérias isoladas de feridas cutâneas de cães

Abstract

The use of medicinal plants is common among the population of developing countries, often presenting itself as the only therapeutic practice, and has been increasing due to the fad and the concept that natural products have no adverse reactions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of the tutors of dogs and cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco on medicinal plants and in vitro antimicrobial activity of barbatimão (Abarema cochliacarpos) in bacteria isolated from skin wounds in dogs. To do so, the interview was conducted with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire, and studied the antimicrobial activity of extracts ciclohexânico, acetone and ethanol of the bark of Abarema cochliacarpos, besides the phytochemistry of the plant. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was determined by the diffusion method on solid medium and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration was determined in microplates. Aliquots of the wells without bacterial growth after 24 hours of incubation at 35-37oC, were added to plates with culture medium to determine Minimum Bactericidal Concentration. 34 plants were raised, including: the boldo with 15.18% of citations, followed by aroeira with14.13% citations, melão de são caetano and capim santo with 8.90% citations each. The disease most often cited for the treatment plants were to diarrhea and wounds with 26.19% and 19.04% respectively. The phytochemical studies revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins (condensed), terpenes and steroids. The isolated bacteria were: Staphylococcus intermedius, Bacillus sp., Pasteurella sp. and Escherichia coli. In vitro assays of the extracts of the bark of Abarema cochliacarpos showed inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus intermedius and Bacillus sp. concentrations tested (100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL) except for the cyclohexane extract at concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL against Staphylococcus intermedius. There were no zones of inhibition against the Gram-negative bacteria Pasteurella sp. and Escherichia coli. It is concludes that the tutors of dogs and cats have knowledge of medicinal plants and often use them in your pets, especially for the treatment of diseases of the digestive tract, and the results of the evaluation of extracts from the bark of Abarema cochliacarpos showed antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive strains Staphylococcus intermedius and Bacillus sp. isolated from skin wounds in dogs.