Espectro de ação antiparasitária do óleo da semente da Carapa guianensis, Aubl. em animais domésticos

Abstract

The herbal drugs have been widely studied in order to obtain an effective and ecologically viable alternative for the control of parasitic diseases of domestic animals. It was evaluated the spectrum of antiparasitic action of the seed oil of Carapa guianensis against muscidae, ticks, lice and gastrointestinal nematodes of domestic animals. The action against muscidae was assessed against the first larval (L1) and third stage (L3) from Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans adults. For ticks it was determined the IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration Medium) and LC50 (median lethal concentration) on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus Anocentor nitens. Against lice it was determined the efficacy against Damalinia caprae. The in vivo efficacy in mice naturally infected with Syphacia obvelata and in goats and sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal helminths was determined and also the effect of oral administration of seed oil of C. guianensis on hematological and biochemical parameters in goats and sheep. The results revealed that the seed oil of Carapa guianensis exerted negative effect on M. domestica bioactivity causing severe mortality and reduced larval and pupal weight of larvae, show repellency on Stomoxys calcitrans and have significant potential in the control of ticks of domestic animals, interfering with their reproduction revealing an IC50 of 4.332, 4.850, 4.903, and an LC50 of 5.228, 5.362 and 5.698, respectively, for females and larvae of R. (B.) microplus, A. nitens and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The seed oil of Carapa guianensis has in vitro activity against adult Damalinia caprae and the anthelmintic tests using mice, goats and sheep revealed an ineffective anthelmintic activity in all treatments. The evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters of goats and sheep in general did not determine difference in the values of the erythrocyte, total leukocyte and biochemical parameters.