Solos, antropização e morfometria da microbacia do Prata, Recife - PE.

Abstract

The present work had as objective the physical, pedological, anthropogenic processes, and some hydrological index characterization of the Prata Basin, located in the Dois Irmãos State Park, Recife – PE. It this way, analogical and digital ortophotocharts were used, aiming to get a Digital Elevation Models (DEM), a soil map, a drainage and slope maps. It was observed that a high slope type was dominant, as well as the basin is weakly subject to floods. However, when the floods occur, they will be with considerable proportions. For the soils, beyond their classification, were discussed the processes involved in the formation of them, through the visual interpretation, landscape analysis, morphological observations and physical and chemical analysis of the soil profiles. During incursions to the field observations were done, totalizing more than 100 observations through barriers, highways cuts, trenches and auger holes, registering the strong characteristics of the relief, vegetation, anthropogenic processes and mainly of the soil. The presence of a sandy and whitish horizon was verified, located between the litter and the A horizon, and not predicted in the norms and criteria of the SBCS – Soils Brazilian System Classification. This suggests that some inclusion or adaptation could be done to the SBCS, for example, the creation of a new horizon or new superscript. The Latossolos prevail in the landscape,being the yellowish those with the larger percentage observed. There is no relationship between the soil colors and the sun exhibition of the hillsides, were they occur. The great incidence of fallen trees evidences the fragility of the soil system, particularly in the steepest hillsides having loamy textured soils.