Interceptação das chuvas em um fragmento de floresta atlântica e avaliação de modelos de predição de vazão na Bacia do Prata, Recife,PE.

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is one of the regions with the greatest biodiversity in the world covering an area of ​​about 1.1 million square kilometers at the time of the discovery of Brazil, leaving now less than 8% of the original area. The fight for the preservation of its remaining is of great importance to improving the quality of life of future generations. Its biodiversity makes it an inexhaustible source of research, especially in the areas of botany, biology, medicine and zoology. Despite this recognition the Atlantic forest is in all Brazilian states, a very worrying picture. The Forest Brothers, one of the few remaining areas of Atlantic forest in the state of Pernambuco, can be considered a priceless biological heritage that from January 1987, went to the category of Municipal Ecological Reserve. Inserted within the Ecological Reserve Two Brothers, the weirs do Meio, Silver and Two Brothers make up the basin of the Silver. It is currently managed concurrently by the Pernambuco Sanitation Company - COMPESA to strengthen the water supply of the city of Recife, and the Garden of Two Brothers, leisure area and zoo. The vegetation, which almost entirely consists of the Atlantic forest, intercepts of the rain that precipitate in the basin favoring the evaporation process and thus decreasing the amount of water that reaches the ground. Despite this loss of water to begin already in the treetops, the presence of the forest is a positive factor because it slows the dynamics of the water flow in the basin, favoring the existing water reservoirs, contributing also with lots of organic material which is incorporated into the soil. The La Plata Basin is a place of historical importance, to mark the start of work aimed at the public water supply in Pernambuco, in addition to serving as a representative model of an ecosystem of rainforest, serving as a study base for conservation research and rational use of this ecosystem. Despite being a watershed of great importance, hydrological poucosestudos have been carried out in the La Plata basin maisespecífica form, where it is considered more emphasis on local conditions in which it finds itself. Thus, it is extremely important to know parameters that serve as a basis to assist in current and future hydrological studies in order to promote a better use of its natural resources and contribute to better preserve the environment. As a tool to study the hydrological parameters can be used mathematical models, in order to reduce costs and minimize the time of study with reliable results. This study aims to study the distribution of rainfall in a fragment of Atlantic forest and evaluate the flow prediction models in the La Plata basin.