Biologia de Amblyseius largoensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) para controle de Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) e efeitos de agrotóxicos utilizados em fruteiras sobre ácaros no submédio do Vale do São Francisco

Abstract

Some culture systems using biological control as one of the few viable strategies for pest mite control, including in the case of coconut crops, which are mostly cultivated by small farmers and attacked by several pests such as Raoiella indica Hirst. Other cropping systems are more profitable and, then support other practices such as pesticide use. The vine is a culture where the use of acaricides, insecticides and fungicides are frequent. However, when used indiscriminately, can lead to negative consequences such as the emergence of resistant populations of phytophagous and behavioral changes in biological control agents. Predatory mites are effective agents of pest mite control and can be an alternative to reduce of pesticide use. The aim of this study was to compare the biology of two populations of Amblyseius largoensis (Muma) coming from Roraima (Brazil) and Réunion (Indian Ocean), both fed R. indica, and also evaluate the toxicity of the main pesticides used on the vine in the Submédio region of São Francisco´s Valley, on the main species of mites associated with this culture. Populations of A. largoensis did not present differences in the duration and survival of the immatures. However, the population of Réunion presented consumption of prey, oviposition period and net reproduction rate higher than Roraima population. Abamectin was the only acaricide which showed efficiency in control of Tetranychus urticae Koch on vine, however, it was also toxic to the predator Euseius citrifolius Denmark & Muma. The insecticides were harmless to T. urticae and showed low toxicity to E. citrifolius, however thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were effective in controlling of Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman & Punjab). Fungicides did not cause mortality to mites. All products affected the behavior and ability of E. citrifolius to detect prey slopes.