Bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio associadas a plantas de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas em Pernambuco

Abstract

The sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) Culture is a widely distributed and is currently scattered across all continents, with the main world producer Brazil. Given the continued growth and expansion of the agricultural culture of sugar cane in Brazil, productive development should occur in parallel with agricultural techniques aimed at the economic viability and to minimize the degradability of the environment, such as the use of microrganisms that promote plant growth. In this context, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) has emerged as an option to use in production systems. Objectives of the study was to diazotrophs isolate, estimate the density population, linagens Identify the bacterial genetic diversity assess bacterial culturable and unculturable by the techniques of BOX-PCR and DGGE of 16S rRNA and nifH genes, functionally characterize the bacterial isolates for the production of indole acetic acid, inorganic phosphate solubilization, production of quorum sensing, isolates selecting to promote plant growth and evaluate their interaction with plants of sugar cane in a greenhouse.To do this, first, samples were collected from two varieties (RB92579 and RB867515) of sugar cane at the Estação Experimental de cana-de-açúcar de Carpina, PE, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, these were isolated potentially fixing bacteria N2. After isolation and selection of N2-fixing bacterial strains was relization functional characterization for the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization index (SI), production the quorum sensing (QS) and evaluated genetic variability through technical of BOX-PCR and PCR-DGGE for 16S rRNA. Ten bacterial isolates were selected for reinoculation wheels in two varieties of sugar cane grown in the greenhouse. Results was evident in the high and variable functionality for the BNF, AIA, IS and QS production. Regardless of the technique used to study the genetic variability was observed for the high genetic diversity of bacteria from the rhizosphere and roots of ratoon cane varieties RB92579 and RB867515 cultivated in Pernambuco. Reinoculation of bacterial strains in sugar cane has been shown that some bacteria benefit the development of plants in relation to control plants.