Diversidade de espécies florestais arbóreas associada ao solo em topossequência de fragmento de Mata Atlântica de Pernambuco

Abstract

The objective of this research was study the floristic and the phytosociology in a fragment of Atlantic Wood Forest, known Tejipió Forest, in Recife –Pernambuco, Brazil, in order to define the ten most valuable important (IV) species and to know the arboreos vegetal community to better understand and its population behavior and structure, in the area as a whole, as in topossequence: bottom, slope and top. There were 53 sample of arboreous species, divided in 41 genders and 22 botanic families. The Leguminosae family has the most specific richness. The specie that showed a greater diameter up to the breast was for an individual of Tapirira guianensis (83,72 cm) and the tallest specie (19 m) for an individual of Byrsonima sericea. The specific diversity accordind to the index of Shannon and Weaver was of 2,88 nats/individuals, considered low among the obtained values from the survey in orders fragments of the State. The ten species that showed the highest important values (IV), for the studied area in decreasing order were Tapirira guianensis, Clusea nemorosa, Eschweilera ovata, Xylopia frutescens, Byrsonima sericea, Campomanesea xanthocarpa, Miconia sp, Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum,Myrcia rostrata, e Tapirira myriantha. The diametric distribution showed a caracteristic pattern of ……….. (a curved like upsidedown “j”) what is expected for a secundary forest in early stages of sucession. The topossequence: bottom, slope and top, showed respectively an index of diversity of 2,55, 2,68 and 2,85 nats/individuals. The diametric distribution for the three topographic positions were quite similar to the diametric distribution of the area as a wholeas so to the distribution of the majority of the species individually analized. Considering the ten species of the major IV in topossequence, the specie Syzygium jambolanum was the only distinguesed one on the bottom; the Myrciaria tenela only on the slope, and the species Inga thibaudiana, Miconia albicans, Cupania racemosa e Anacardium occidentale only on the top, showing that some species preferred differents points of the topossequence.There were a group of species that showed to be indifferent, being present everywhere. Others prefered combinations, e.g.: bottom and slope; slope and top, and only the specie Tapirira myriantha was common between the bottom and the top