Efeitos do uso de adsorventes em frangos de corte alimentados com dietas naturalmente contaminados com aflatoxina e fumonisina

Abstract

Mycotoxins have been a problem in poultry production to be present in the major ingredients (corn and soybean meal) that make up the poultry feed, leading to problems such as an inadequate use of food and reduction of animal front immunity to various pathogens. Thus it aimed to evaluate the effects of adding mycotoxin adsorbents in broiler diets naturally contaminated with aflatoxin and fumonisin, on the parameters: histopathology, biometric and serological. The experiment was conducted with 60 birds, seven-day-old Cobb commercial line in three treatments: T1 - control (not including mycotoxin adsorbents in diet); T2 - adding 0.5 kg / t. of adsorbent A and T3 inclusion of 1.5 kg / t of adsorbent B. The broilers receive in all treatments, isonutritives diets naturally contaminated by mycotoxins. These broilers were raised up to 60 days old when was made serology tests for NDV and IBDV, and after were sacrificed for histopathologic and biometric analysis. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance level of 5% probability and Tukey test. There were significant differences between treatments (P <0.05) in body weight. The body weight was significantly different between T1 and T2 (P = 0.01400), with a higher weight of the broilers receiving the adsorbent (4.26 ± 0.37). Among the organs analyzed, only the weight of the cecal tonsil significant difference between T1 and T2 (P <0.05; P = 0.03008), and T1 (5,20g ± 1.239) had an average weight slightly higher than average weight of T2 (4,05g ± 1.208). The amounts of immunoglobulins to IBDV showed significantly higher concentrations in T2 (P = 0.041). This contamination of broilers aflatoxin and fumonisin caused histopathological lesions in immune organs, liver and kidneys. However adsorbents used A and B reversed in parts of the lesions, especially in the liver, bursa and thymus. This reversal of lesions led to improved serological tests for IBD (Gumboro bursal-infectious disease) in the group treated with the adsorbent, resulting in broilers with better performance, suggesting that this adsorbent showed better effect on broilers in field conditions.