http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4357 Mon, 29 Sep 2025 05:34:25 GMT 2025-09-29T05:34:25Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8904 Título: Avaliação renal e hepática de poedeiras comerciais em pico de produção alimentadas com dietas contendo subdoses de micotoxinas Autor: BRAGA, Thaiza Campelo Primeiro orientador: SOUZA, Francisco de Assis Leite Abstract: Grains play an important role in the production system as a basic ingredient in animal diets. Due to crop interferences, grains handling failures in the field and mainly their inadequate storage, they provide vulnerability of these grains to the action of fungi. The impacts caused by fungi within the production chain lead to low profitability of animal production due to the lower quality and productivity of the raw material. The mycotoxins that are most commonly related to the impact on the poultry production system are T2 toxins, fumonisins and aflatoxins. Considering the importance of the quality of raw material supplied to birds and the existence of few studies carried out with commercial laying hens, in addition to the absence of analysis of the dynamics of triggering mycotoxicosis for a prolonged period, this study aimed to study the cumulative and synergistic effect of mycotoxins in laying hens for a period of 32 to 68 weeks of age, during the peak production phase. For this, in a commercial laying hen farm in the Agreste region of the state of Pernambuco, samples of the manufactured rations were collected and analyzed using the immunochromatography technique to detect trichothecenes (T2), aflatoxins and fumonisins. Monthly, five birds were selected at random from each group of birds (A, B and C), afterwards the birds were euthanized and collected from liver and kidney blood samples. The blood was centrifuged to obtain the serum for analysis of serum biochemical tests of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, creatine kinase, total proteins, uric acid, cholesterol and urea. The kidney and liver fragments were processed by histological techniques for further histopathological analysis. The results of analysis of mycotoxins present in manufactured diets consisted of lower values than the levels recommended for layers and characterizing underdosing throughout the study. The histopathological renal lesions found were membranoproliferative, membranous and proliferative glomerulopathy, hyperemia, nephritis, nephrosis, necrosis and tulare proteinosis. The histopathological liver lesions found consisted of steatosis, vacuolar degeneration, hepatitis, hypertrophy and microgranuloma of Kupffer cells, hepatocyte necrosis and bile duct proliferation. Serum biochemistry analyzes showed normality in uric acid, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase tests. The total protein, creatine kinase and urea tests obtained higher levels and the albumin test obtained lower levels than those recommended for layers. It was observed that there is a progressive and cumulative effect of kidney injuries depending on the age of the birds, directly correlated with the time of exposure and ingestion of mycotoxins. It is suggested that there is a progressive and cumulative effect of kidney and liver damage as a function of the age of the birds, directly correlated with the time of exposure and ingestion of multimycotoxins. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 26 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8904 2021-02-26T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8901 Título: Avaliação de métodos de captura do teiú (Salvator merianae) no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco. Autor: ROCHA, Taysa Alves Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Jean Carlos Ramos da Abstract: Tegu (Salvator merianae), the largest lizard in South America, is an invasive species in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Its management in this insular environment is extremely important, due to the predation and competition of this species with the local, endemic and/or threatened fauna; the possibility of pathogen transmission, and the dispersion of invasive plant seeds. The objective of this research was to evaluate and compare the best capture strategy to the management of tegu in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. For this purpose, the area of Ponta das Caracas, uninhabited by humans, was chosen, using two types of traps (10 funnel type made of PVC tube and 10 Tomahawk type live trap) interspersed in a 200m² forest fragment with an interval of 50m between and two types of baits (chicken pieces and sachets of wet cat food) to compare the traps and the most efficient bait in capturing tegu. The capture effort was 400 traps per day, totalling 2800h of fieldwork, enough to reduce tegu captures to zero at the end of the experiment. In all, 60 tegus were captured, 47 individuals (78.3%) were captured in Tomahawk-type traps, and 13 individuals (21.7%) in PVC tube-type funnel traps. Regarding the use of baits, 35 individuals (58.3%) were captured in traps with chicken bait and 25 individuals (41.7%) in traps using wet cat food. Following capture, physicochemical containment, biometrics, and sexing of tegu were carried out to assess and monitor the species pattern on the island. There was no statistically significant association between the type of trap used (funnel made of PVC pipe and Tomahawk) or between the type of bait used (chicken pieces and wet cat food) (χ2 = 2.36; p = 0.12). However, the capture success was higher in the Tomahawk trap, regardless of the bait used. This research was the first to compare capture methods for this species on the island of Fernando de Noronha, making it possible to assess the cost of hours and the sample capture effort needed to implement a comprehensive management program for tegu in this archipelago and thus indicate measures of management to improve the conservation of the island's biodiversity. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8901 2022-02-22T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8899 Título: Patologia comparativa das intoxicações por plantas que contêm swainsonina e calisteginas em caprinos Autor: FONSECA, Sílvio Miguel Castillo Primeiro orientador: MENDONÇA, Fábio de Souza Abstract: This study was proposed in order to prove the toxicity of calystegines and swainsonine in the nervous system of goats, and is presented in two chapters. The first reflects a brief review of the main toxic plants in Brazil and covers, among other aspects, diseases of lysosomal storage. The second chapter, on the other hand, is an article in which the experimental and comparative results of the toxicity of calistegines and swainsonine are expressed, in order to infer whether calistegines are actually incriminated in neurological lesions in small ruminants. To this end, this study was submitted to the National Council for Animal Experimentation Control (CONCEA) and approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (CEUA) of the Federal University of Pernambuco (license 101/2019). Fifteen male Saanen goats, six months old, weighing between 16 and 18 kg were used. The animals were distributed into three groups, each maintained with five animals and under the same management conditions. Group I received a diet containing I. subincana at a dose of 2g / kg / day for 30 days (0.4mg of swainsonine / kg / day); Group II received I. incarnata at a dose of 2 g / kg / day for 30 days and (0.1 mg / kg / day of calystegine B1, 0.4 mg / kg / day of calystegine B2, 0.003 mg / kg / day of alystegineB3 and 0.002 mg / kg / day of calystegine C1); and Group III did not receive any diet containing Ipomoea spp. After 30 days, all experimental animals showed clinical signs consistent with lysosomal storage disease. Subsequently, the goats were euthanized and submitted to necropsy, from which fragments were collected from all organs, fixed in formaldehyde at 10 and 20% and processed routinely for histopathology. In addition, samples of the central nervous system were subjected to histochemistry for lectins, in which there was a positive marking for the accumulation of oligosaccharides, proving the involvement of calystegines in lysosomal storage disease. Species of the genus Ipomoea contain swainsonine and/or calystegines, which are attributed to the storage of incompletely processed oligosaccharides; however, the studies available in the literature to date have remained controversial as to the actual participation of calystegines in neurological damage in small ruminants. The present study comes to contribute to better recognition of the pathogenesis of intoxication by I. subincana and I. incarnata in goats. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 26 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8899 2021-02-26T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8897 Título: Viabilidade do protocolo de contenção farmacológica com dextrocetamina associada ao midazolam, por via intramuscular, para avaliação oftálmica em felinos Autor: SOUSA, Rodrigo Vital Gouveia de Primeiro orientador: SÁ, Fabrício Bezerra de Abstract: Sedation, as well as chemical restraint, is extremely important in Veterinary Ophthalmology, and it is very common to care for non-cooperative animals in the routine of feline ophthalmologists. It is believed that severe eye pain may act as a detrimental factor when performing a complete eye examination. For these reasons, the need to understand the effects of dissociative anesthetic agents, under the feline eye system, specifically on intraocular pressure, is of paramount importance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects the chemical restraint promoted by the use of dextrocetamine in combination with midazolam, intramuscularly, under intraocular pressure in healthy cats, treated at the Hospital Veterinary University (HVU), from the Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE), tutored by the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). The prospective study included 13 felines selected from the HVU care routine, which comprised the two experimental moments, both the T0 (pre-sedation) and the T10 (post-sedation) moment, where heart rate measurements were made ( HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) of each patient at both times. All experimental groups were subjected to the Shapiro Wilk´s test in order to indicate whether the groups have a normal distribution, and from these data, and the statistical analysis of the data was performed using the version of the Stats Tester application, developed for Android Operating System. The results obtained in this study for mean intraocular pressure at T0 was 17.34 ± 3.09 mmHg and for T10 it was 17.80 ± 3.04, where no statistically significant difference was observed in the comparison between the moments studied. It is concluded that the combination of dextrocetamine and midazolam can be considered as a chemical containment protocol for non-cooperative patients in routine ophthalmic clinical evaluations for the species under study. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 17 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8897 2020-02-17T00:00:00Z