http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4351 Thu, 09 Apr 2026 12:17:38 GMT 2026-04-09T12:17:38Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8850 Título: Uso agrícola de lodo do tratamento de resíduos industriais e sanitários: impactos agronômicos na cultura do milho e nos indicadores microbiológicos de qualidade de solo Autor: SILVA, William Ramos da Primeiro orientador: NASCIMENTO, Clístenes Williams Araújo do Abstract: Approximately four thousand tons of sewage sludge are produced daily in Brazil, so the application of this waste in agricultural areas has been identified as the most economical and environmentally viable condition of final disposal. The present work aimed to evaluate the agronomic impacts on the soil microbial community and its influence on the availability of nutrients from the sludge submitted about two forms of stabilization into maize soils. We assessed two forms of stabilization, is a chemical (LEQ) and a thermal (LET). The experiment was set up in a field experiment with the randomized block design, where doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 t ha-1 of sludge were applied in each form of stabilization. The maize was grown for three cycles, and at each of them, the plant's nutrition, dry matter production, grain yield, and soil chemical attributes at 0 to 20 cm depth layer were assessed. In the first crop of maize, soil microbiological parameters were investigated to determine the influence of microorganisms on the nutrients availability and the impact of sludge on the microbial community. Maize productivity increased due to the sludge doses increasing. Sludge doses had a residual effect (i.e., higher productivity than the control) until the third crop for 20 t ha-1. The highest doses of sludge (30 and 40 t ha-1) were more efficient than mineral fertilization, probably due to the content of micronutrients added by the sludge and the effects of organic matter on physical, chemical, and biological soil properties. The two forms of sludge application determine an increase in the enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase and dehydrogenase, while urease was reduced. LEQ addition promoted the highest abundance of bacteria and total fungi, while the functional gene abundance was favored by LET application. The application of treated sewage sludge under different forms of stabilization had a positive impact on the soil microbial community, inducing lower C-CO2 emissions due to the efficiency of existing microorganisms capacity in degrading the organic matter added in the soil, resulting in N release in the form of ammonium and nitrate besides P available to the soil. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Thu, 27 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8850 2020-02-27T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8845 Título: Fluxo de Th e identificação de fontes de sedimentos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Ipojuca Autor: NASCIMENTO, Rennan Cabral Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Yuri Jacques Agra Bezerra da Abstract: The Ipojuca River is the third most polluted river system in Brazil. High concentrations and fluxes of metals in sediments indicate the contamination pattern, being compared with values from catchments impacted by mining. Recent hydrological and morphological changes in the estuarine-marine zone increased the susceptibility of fine particle and metal sedimentation in these environments. It is assumed here that other elements may be being contributed, such as radionuclides, and that the identification of sources and controlling soil erosion and sediment transport can reduce the distribution of contaminants to the outlet and the local coastal environment. Accordingly, the objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the natural contents in soils and the distribution of Th in suspended (SS) and bed (BS) sediments, (2) to evaluate the patterns of delivery of sediments based on in the combination of different classifications of potential sources of the fingerprinting method and (3) to evaluate the dynamics of delivery of different sediment sources from the semiarid portion of the Ipojuca River. (1) The mean concentration of Th in the soils of the catchment was 28.6 mg kg-1. The estimated Quality Reference Values were at 21 mg kg-1 and 86.3 Bq kg-1. The concentrations in the bed and in the suspended sediment ranged from 2.8 to 32.9 mg kg-1. The suspended sediments transported 3.42 t year-1 of Th, equivalent to more than 99% of the flux of this element. In the downstream cross section, suspended sediment samples exhibited Th concentrations similar to those observed in rivers impacted by mining activities. However, there was no evidence of anthropogenic impacts on Th concentrations. The flux of sediments from the study area to the ocean is mainly triggered by soil erosion processes in the mid-lower course region. (2) The downstream region (SS = 80.5% and BS = 86.7%), the Oxisols (SS = 65% and BS = 30.8%) and sugarcane cultivation (SS = 62% and BS = 63.6%) were the dominant sediment sources. Combined, the Oxisol and sugarcane areas controlled about 63.5% of the SS and 47.2% of the BS transported, i e., less than 8% or approximately 280 km² of the catchment. Approaches with combinations of potential sources, based on robust discriminations, tend to provide greater detail of areas under dominant erosion and reduce the scale of containment of these processes. (3) The semiarid lower catchment presented significantly higher contributions than the other regional sources (middle and upper), approximately 69% and 56% of the SS and BS, respectively. There was no dominant source of land use. The Caatinga (SS = 49%; BS = 47%) expressed a mild superiority in relation to the channel bank (SS = 35%; BS = 39%). Therefore, the recovery and conservation of vegetation in the Caatinga and the stabilization of channel banks, especially in the lower stretch, are fundamental for controlling the transport of river sediments in the outlet of this semi-arid catchment. More studies are needed to better assess the conservative patterns of color parameters in semiarid environments. Here, we provide some of the first information on sediment contributions from the main land uses and land cover in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 20 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8845 2021-08-20T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8842 Título: Diversidade e promoção de crescimento de plantas por bactérias associadas ao capim pangolão Autor: ALVES, Michelle Justino Gomes Primeiro orientador: LIRA JUNIOR, Mario de Andrade Abstract: Some grass species are resilient under stressful environmental conditions, such as pangolão grass (Digitaria eriantha cv. Suvernola). One of the possible reasons is the presence of growth-promoting bacteria. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the diversity and the growth promotion potential of the endophytic bacterial community of pangolão grass, from different environments in Pernambuco. Bacteria associated with leaves, stem, root and rhizospheric soil were isolated from the pangolon of the Sertão, Agreste and Zona da Mata mesoregions in Pernambuco - Brazil. The diversity assessment was done initially by phenotypic characterization, followed by genotypic evaluation by BOX-PCR, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Representatives of the groups formed by the BOX-PCR at 90% similarity were chosen for in vitro evaluation of the promotion mechanisms. of plant growth (biological nitrogen fixation - FBN, AIA synthesis, phosphate solubilization and production of siderophores), as well as by experiments in a greenhouse on corn intended to verify each mechanism separately. FBN was evaluated by cultivation under deficit of N, production of AIA by cultivation under water deficit, solubilization of P and production of siderophores by the supply of low solubility P and Fe, respectively. Pangolao grass had high diversity with 325 isolates phenotypically characterized and 244 strains at 100% similarity by BOX-PCR, with 132 strains sent for sequencing. 118 strains showed 96.84 - 99.9% similarity with some previously described in BLAST and 2 phyla, 4 classes, 7 orders, 13 families and 17 genera were identified: Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Curtobacterium, Enterobacter, Herbaspirillum, Kosakonia, Ochrobacterium, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Shinella, Stenotrophomonas and Variovarax. In the in vivo evaluation, the strains in the study were superior to the commercial inoculant in all experiments. Strains of pangolão grass outperformed the commercial inoculant in the experiment of low N availability for all evaluated variables, except for the efficiency related to no inoculation and mineral N. In the experiment under water deficit, the new strains also showed better results for all variables evaluated in relation to the commercial inoculant. In the test performed with a low solubility iron source, there was no difference between the commercial inoculating control and all other treatments for stem diameter, leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part, accumulation of N and P in the aerial part and the relative efficiencies. However, strain 252A collaborated with a higher height and 5227 had the highest dry weight of the root. In the experiment with supply of low solubility phosphorus, there was no difference between the commercial inoculant control and the other treatments for aerial part dry mass, N accumulation in the aerial part and all the relative efficiencies, while six strains showed greater accumulation of P. A diversity of bacteria associated with the pangolon may have promoted its resilience. Although each experiment with corn emphasized one of the growth promotion mechanisms studied in vitro, its results in vivo may not have been obtained due to only one mechanism, but rather by the combination of these and other mechanisms not evaluated. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 26 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8842 2021-02-26T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8840 Título: Adubação molíbdica e bactérias promotoras de crescimento na nutrição nitrogenada da cana-de-açúcar Autor: SILVA, Magda Aline da Primeiro orientador: OLIVEIRA, Emídio Cantídio Almeida de Abstract: Molybdenum (Mo) is an anionic micronutrient that plays a key role in enzymes such as nitrate reductase and nitrogenase responsible for the assimilation of NO3 and biological nitrogen fixation (FBN), respectively. Nitrate reductase acts in the first step of reducing N-nitric and is fundamental in the assimilation of nitrogen. In another perspective, FBN performed by diazotrophic bacteria is considered the main natural way of entering N in agricultural systems and for this reason it is considered as a sustainable alternative to nitrogen fertilizers. However, the contributions obtained by inoculating bacteria are small and uncertain, and therefore, the mechanisms for promoting plant growth carried out by bacteria (BPCP) have been investigated in order to clarify and understand which ones are most active in the process. For this type of investigation, the analysis of proteins can guide the knowledge of these mechanisms, since they are directly linked to the formation of physiological characteristics that regulate phenotypes to adapt to certain changes. In view of the context, two studies were carried out: the first to evaluate the contribution of BPCP in conjunction with Mo fertilizer and associated with N in FBN in nitrogen nutrition and in the development of sugarcane and the second to identify the set of proteins that are potentially accumulated in response to the application of Mo, inoculation and N in sugarcane. In the first study, two cultivation cycles were carried out and plant growth parameters, activity of the nitrate reductase enzyme, FBN, nutrient contents and accumulations were evaluated. In the second study, plants with higher shoot biomass in the first study were subjected to extraction of total soluble proteins from leaf +1 and comparisons were made in four SDS-PAGE electrophoretic profiles for application or not of molybdic fertilizer when associated with inoculation of the inoculant ST, GHABH when combined or not with nitrogen fertilization. Our results showed that the micronutrient associated with the ST inoculant was more active in the process of N assimilation via NO3- while in association with the GHABH inoculant it was more active in the FBN. However, the increase via FBN source was not sufficient to supply the crop's demand, since the fertilizer source contributed with most of the nitrogen nutrition. In this perspective, the ST bacterium associated with Mo showed the best results acting as a biostimulant and has potential for use as a new technological package associated with intermediate N doses, since they stimulate the best growth and development of the plant and the best use of the available N more efficient. Comparative proteomics found 46 sets of differential proteins, but only 28 were identified (60.86%). Inoculation acts mainly on the accumulation of proteins related to N absorption and metabolism, while the inoculation of BPCP associated with Mo acts on the accumulation of differential proteins related to sulfur metabolism, photosynthesis and hormonal mechanisms, especially with regard to auxins, abscisic acid and ethylene in the cultivation of sugarcane. Our research is based on an efficient and sustainable fertility management by applying a viable and economical input. These results not only deepen our understanding of the influence of Mo on the sugarcane proteome, but also provide new information on the molecular mechanism of culture regulated by Mo and by BPCP. Thus, this research is innovative, and makes it possible, in the short term, to identify sustainable alternatives, with reduced cost for sugarcane. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 28 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8840 2020-02-28T00:00:00Z