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Avaliação do diagnóstico citológico da infecção por Leishmania infantum e detecção molecular da co-infecção de hemoparasitos em cães

Wed, 19 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação do diagnóstico citológico da infecção por Leishmania infantum e detecção molecular da co-infecção de hemoparasitos em cães Autor: SILVA, Winny Gomes de Oliveira Primeiro orientador: ALVES, Leucio Câmara Abstract: The diagnosis of infection by Leishmania infantum remains a challenge in the medical clinic of small animals, as a detection of coinfection with other pathogens. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the cytological diagnosis of infection by Leishmania infantile and to detect a co-infection of hemoparasites in dogs with natural infection by L. infantile. For this, bone marrow, lymph node, skin and swabe set of 29 animals of different race, sex and age with positive serological diagnosis for L. infantum for evaluation of the best biological sample for clinical diagnosis, and blood samples from 72 animals of different race, sex and age with positive serological diagnosis for co-infection research. The results showed that lymph node cytology shows 61.1% (22/29) of positivity for amastigest forms of L. infantum, followed by exfoliative skin cytology with 47.2% (17/29) and, finally, swabe conjunctival with 33.3% (12/29). The animals analyzed in the direct search for hematozoa only 1.39% (1/72) were positive, for Hepatozoon canis. The PCR reaction was observed to amplify the DNA of H. canis in 8.33% (6/72) and B. vogeli DNA detected in 2.78% (2/72). There was no co-infection between hemoparasitosis in the direct and molecular diagnosis. It concluded that the absence of spinal biopsy, a lymph node cytology is a better sample for diagnosis of CVL in the clinical routine, and that there is the presence of co-infection between Babesia vogeli, Hepatozoon canis and Leishmania infantum in Pernambuco. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Estudo do perfil de genes de reparo do DNA em pacientes com a doença de Parkinson

Mon, 24 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Estudo do perfil de genes de reparo do DNA em pacientes com a doença de Parkinson Autor: CÂNDIDO, Samantha Amorim Primeiro orientador: SOUZA, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder among an elderly population, it has no cure and gold therapy for motor symptoms of the disease is levodopa (L-DOPA). In the long term, L-DOPA can lead to adverse symptoms, such as motor fluctuation, dyskinesia and visual hallucinations. And studies show a possible association between oxidative stress (OE) and L-DOPA therapy. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is responsible for controlling the damage caused by OE, the APE1 and XRCC1 proteins being fundamental in this process. Variations in the genes that encode these proteins can affect the efficiency of the repair, making the brain susceptible to damage caused by OE. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the presence of polymorphisms in the Asp148Glu and Arg399Gln genes of the APE1 and XRCC1 genes, respectively, with the appearance of motor fluctuation, dyskinesia and visual hallucinations with response of the pharmacological response to L-DOPA, in PD patients. 110 patients were obtained from L-DOPA therapy over a period of 5 years. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the daily dosage of L-DOPA, group I taking ≤ 600mg / day and group II taking> 600mg / day. The Asp148Glu and Arg399Gln polymorphisms of the APE1 and XRCC1 genes were performed using the qPCR and PCR-RFLP technique, respectively. The analysis of logistic regression association with longer duration of therapy with L-DOPA (PR 1.1; CI -1.1-1.19; p = 0.001), appearance of motor fluctuation (PR 1.7; CI 1.3-2 , 2; p = 0.001) and the presence of the polymorphic genotype AA of the XRCC1 gene (PR 1.54; CI 1.04-2.27; p = 0.028). In addition to the presence of the GA genotype for the XRCC1 gene providing protection in patients treated with high doses of L-DOPA (PR 0.7; CI 0.5-0.9; p = 0.022). Our data occurred that this variation in the XRCC1 gene can influence the pharmacological response of L-DOPA in patients with PD, whereas the variation in the APE1 gene does not seem to influence the treatment. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Influência do tempo na fertilidade do sêmen descongelado de garanhões da raça Quarto de Milha

Mon, 31 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Influência do tempo na fertilidade do sêmen descongelado de garanhões da raça Quarto de Milha Autor: BRANDÃO, Illanna de Souza Lima Primeiro orientador: CARNEIRO, Gustavo Ferrer Abstract: When it comes to reproduction biotechnologies, it is known that the fertility index of equine frozen semen is still reduced, since the freezing and thawing processes lead to deleterious effects on the spermatozoon, decreasing its rate of motility and vigor, modifying its morphology and, consequently, reducing the reproductive potential of the breeders. Therefore, the need for in vitro tests to assess the quality of thawed equine semen, as well as its in vivo viability, taking into account the possible influence of the individuality of the animal on the way sperm cells behave in the face of freezing processes. and thawing. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate in vitro seminal quality parameters of different stallions during the thermoresistance test, with the purpose of obtaining a technique with greater repeatability, and that helps to increase the results in the use of equine frozen semen. For this, semen samples of 4 Quarter Horse stallions were used, in 5 repetitions, submitted to TTR at times 0, 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Sperm kinetics was evaluated using CASA. Membrane integrity was evaluated by double staining (Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate and Propidium Iodide), and acrosome integrity, Fluorescein Isothiocyanide conjugated to Peanut agglutin. Sperm morphology was analyzed by wet chamber microscopy with phase contrast microscope. In vivo viability was tested by inseminating 10 mares for pregnancy or collecting embryos distributed among the breeders. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS), with mixed linearity and plots repeated over time, adopting autoregressive covariance; and means compared by the Tukey Kramer test. Correlations between variables were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. A significant interaction was observed in the parameters sire, time and sire x time interaction (p < 0.001) in sperm kinetics, indicating individuality among stallions in terms of sperm longevity. This individuality was repeated in membrane integrity, where only one of the stallions maintained an intact membrane without significant difference up to 90 minutes post-TTR, while the other stallions had differences in membrane integrity at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. There was no difference in sperm pathology or acrosome integrity between times or sires. 50% of the inseminated mares had an embryo or pregnancy and all seminal samples had at least 1 pregnant mare or embryos. Clearly demonstrating the individuality of the breeders and the need for more knowledge of their seminal characteristics of sperm longevity, in order to standardize AI protocols in order to determine the most appropriate moment for insemination according to the time of ovulation, keeping better fertility rates. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Perfil epidemiológico dos atendimentos antirrábicos humanos pós-exposição procedentes de agressões por animais silvestres potenciais transmissores da raiva no estado de Pernambuco, no período de 2011 a 2017

Fri, 21 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Perfil epidemiológico dos atendimentos antirrábicos humanos pós-exposição procedentes de agressões por animais silvestres potenciais transmissores da raiva no estado de Pernambuco, no período de 2011 a 2017 Autor: RÊGO, Ana Gabriela de Oliveira do Primeiro orientador: ALVES, Leucio Câmara Abstract: Rabies is endemic in the state of Pernambuco with the last case of the disease recorded in 2017, in the city of Recife. Since knowledge about the current epidemiological situation contributes to the establishment of control strategies over the disease in the state, the main objective of the study was to describe and evaluate the profile of notified human anti-rabies care, registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) from 2011 to 2017. During the evaluation, 6,363 human anti-rabies consultations were observed and it was possible to analyze the variables collected during the service and relate them to the Technical Norms of Human Rabies Prophylaxis at the Ministry of Health. The results revealed that adult males were the profile most attacked with bite-like exposures and with single predominant lesions. On the aggressor animal, there was an increase in the incidence of aggressions from Chiropterans. It is concluded that the health actions evaluated in this work need to improve control strategies over the wild rabies cycle, with attention to bats, relevant animals in the epidemiological chain of transmission of primary and secondary forms. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação