http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4328 Wed, 24 Sep 2025 12:29:58 GMT 2025-09-24T12:29:58Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9124 Título: Cultivo de cana-de-açúcar sob lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento pulsado e contínuo Autor: MENEZES, Sirleide Maria de Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Gerônimo Ferreira da Abstract: Sugarcane is a highly expressive crop in the world agricultural market due to its contribution to the food and sugar-energy industry. With the expansion of the sugar-alcohol sector and periods of climatic instability, the need for new technologies and tools, such as irrigation, arises, which guarantees the security of production with gains in quantity and quality in the sugarcane fields. In this sense, the pulse irrigation technique aims to support irrigation management with the potential to maximize the use of water and nutrients, and thus contribute to the rationalization of inputs and the sustainability of cropping systems. For this, an experiment was conducted under field conditions at the Experimental Sugar Cane Station of Carpina (EECAC/UFRPE) located in the city of Carpina – PE. The experimental design was a randomized block design with 10 treatments distributed in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, the first factor being the type of irrigation application (pulse irrigation and continuous irrigation) and the second factor five replacement depths of crop evapotranspiration. (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120% of ETc), with four repetitions. For the pulse irrigation application condition, four irrigation pulses were defined with a 40-minute rest interval between two irrigations. The increase in water deficit reduced the extraction and export of nutrients, gas exchange, growth, and productive yield of sugarcane. Pulsed irrigation mitigated the negative effects of water deficit, and provided an increase in the nutritional, physiological, growth, and productive aspects of the crop. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 23 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9124 2022-09-23T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9123 Título: Respostas agrofisiológicas de tipos de sorgo irrigados com água residuária Autor: OLIVEIRA FILHO, Ronaldo Alves de Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Ênio Farias de França e Abstract: Due to the reduction of water availability due to population growth, the reuse of wastewater from domestic, industrial and agro-industrial sources in agriculture is urgent. However, these sources of water generally have a greater number of ions, organic matter and also microorganisms compared to fresh water, which may pose a risk to human health, as well as salinization of the soil causing stress on plants. Therefore, to cultivate certain cultures it is necessary that they show a certain tolerance to the characteristics imposed by wastewater. Sorghum has a moderate tolerance to salinity and water deficit, in addition to being a crop with a multitude of applications that can be used for animal, human and ethanol production. In view of the above, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of wastewater on the soil and on cultivars of sweet, forage and dual-purpose sorghum in the first and second growing cycle. The experiment was carried out between August 10, 2015 and March 18, 2016, at the Experimental Station of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco - IPA, in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão - Pernambuco. The design was in causalized blocks consisting of 12 genotypes and three blocks, totalling 36 experimental units. The total fresh and dry mass productivity, as well as leaf, stem and panicle yield were evaluated in the two production cycles. Five soil collections were also made over time in order to monitor the supply of sodium, potassium, organic matter and monitor the variation in the hydrogen potential of the soil solution and the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract. Gaseous exchanges, net CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance and instant carboxylation efficiency were also measured in the prefloration and milky-paste stages in the two production cycles. With the obtained results it was possible to verify that the cultivation of sorghum with wastewater increases the production of fresh and dry mass in the second cut compared to the first. The types of forage sorghum, dual purpose and saccharine showed an increase in productivity of 28.7%, 10.1% and 5.5%, respectively, compared to the first cut. The net CO2 assimilation rate in the second cut double-purpose sorghum plants increased by 30.6% to the detriment of the first cut. The accumulation of organic matter in the soil, favoured by the application of residual water, minimizes the toxic effects of the presence of sodium in the soil. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese Thu, 29 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9123 2021-07-29T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9122 Título: Inferência exploratória do comportamento de suínos em ambiente climatizado Autor: SILVA, Weslley Amaro da Primeiro orientador: PANDORFI, Héliton Abstract: The Brazilian swine industry suffers numerous economic losses related to heat stress, and it is necessary to seek adequate solutions and mechanisms to control the production environment. The objective of this research was to carry out image monitoring and infer exploratory analysis of abiotic factors, physiological responses and behavioral indicators of swine in the growing and finishing phase, submitted to supplementary lighting programs in air-conditioned environments. The data used in this study came from an experiment carried out at the Experimental Animal Facility with Swine of the Serra Talhada Academic Unit (BES-UAST/UFRPE), located in the Sertão of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-seven swine (males and females) in the growing phase, of commercial lineage 3/4 Duroc and 1/4 Pietrain, mated by male Duroc (Pure of Origin) were used. The experiment was carried out from August to November 2018, totaling 66 days. The animals were submitted to pens without air conditioning (BS), pens with forced ventilation (BV) and pens equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system (BR), associated with different light supplementation programs: 12 h of natural light (L12), L12 + 4 h of artificial light (L16) and L12 + 6 h of artificial light (L18). The meteorological variables inside each pen, in the external environment to the facilities, the physiological and behavioral responses of the animals were recorded. The behavior of the pigs was evaluated through images (640 × 480 pixels) obtained once a week, during 24 hours, during the entire experimental period. The images were analyzed at 10 min intervals. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 3×3 factorial scheme, randomly distributed in nine pens, with three replications. Behavioral analysis was performed by determining the frequency of events of each behavior and determining the probability by the Chi-Square (X2) test. The data analysis used was multivariate, using the grouping method (tree diagram) and the principal components technique (PCA), to indicate the main predictors of pig ingestive behavior and the development of multiple linear regression models. The accumulated variance for, between PC1 and PC2, was higher than 69.70% in both stages of development. The analysis of hierarchical components (HCA) showed the relationship between the variables studied and the ingestive behavior, in addition, it allowed the characterization of the comfort of the animals to their respective treatments. The analysis of principal components evidenced the relationship between abiotic and biotic factors with the ingestive behavior of the animals, allowing to establish regression models using the variables that expressed greater influence with the ingestive behavior. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9122 2022-02-23T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9121 Título: Uso de águas subterrâneas salobras do semiárido pernambucano para produção de coentro em sistema hidropônico NFT Autor: PESSOA, Uriel Calisto Moura Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Ênio Farias de França e Abstract: The use of hydroponics allowed the rational use of existing brackish water sources in the semi-arid region, thus allowing agricultural production to contribute to minimizing soil degradation. In this sense, the present work aimed to evaluate the influence of salinity and flow rates of application of the nutrient solution on the development of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) in an NFT (laminar flow technique of nutrients) hydroponic system, using different brackish waters. The research was conducted at the Agricultural Engineering Department of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (8 ° 01 '05' 'south latitude and 34 ° 56' 48 '' west longitude, with an average altitude of 6.5 m), months November 2019 to March 2020, in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications, totaling 64 experimental plots. The treatments consisted of four different levels of salinity, namely: 1.7; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, with four flow rates of application of the nutrient solution (1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 L min-1); in experiment I - sodium water, NaCl was used in the preparation of the nutrient solution, using the treatments described, in order to test the technical feasibility of using this water, with the application rates of the solution. In the following cycles, experiment II and III, only the ionic nature of the nutrient solution was changed, the solution being prepared by adding CaCl2 in experiment II and NaCl; CaCl2; MgCl2 in a 2 : 1: 1 ratio, in experiment III, simulating brackish waters. Physiological and photosynthetic variables were evaluated in the context of gas exchange, aspects of growth and biomass production. Liquid photosynthesis was more sensitive to salinity when the plants were exposed to calcium and mixed water, with carotenoids being the photosynthetic pigment most sensitive to the increase in salinity of the nutrient solution. Reductions in the growth parameters of the crop, due to saline stress, make the commercialization of coriander unfeasible from the level 3.0 dS m-1, due to the deleterious effects observed in the leaves. Increasing the flow to levels greater than 2 L min-1 is not recommended when using brackish water to prepare the nutrient solution. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and when a significant effect was found to the regression analysis and the Tukey test at 5% probability. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 30 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9121 2020-10-30T00:00:00Z