http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4348 2025-09-25T17:31:35Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8805 Título: Flora de Pernambuco (Brasil): Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. Autor: LIMA, Tainá Lacerda Gomes Primeiro orientador: VITAL, Maria Teresa Aureliano Buril Abstract: Lythraceae is comprised in Myrtales as sister group of Onagraceae. Lythraceae comprises about 30 genera and 600 species being widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. In Brazil, 11 genera and 216 species are recognized, with 160 endemic. The Northeast region is the third with the highest recorded richness (57 spp. in 7 genera). In Pernambuco four genera and 16 species are found, representing the second richest state of the region. Despite the family's representativeness for the region, there is a lack of studies about the family, compromising the knowledge related to the taxonomic richness and geographical distribution of its species. This work aimed to perform the taxonomic study of Lythraceae species occurring in Pernambuco (Brazil). For this, field expeditions and analysis of the materials from CEN, HESBRA, HST, HTSA, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, JPB, PEUFR and UFP herbaria between 2018 and 2020 were conducted. Were recognized 12 species and five genera ( Ammannia L., Cuphea P. Br., Lafoensia Vand., Pleurophora D. Don. and Rotala L.). The species found predominate in Caatinga environments in the state. Complete morphological descriptions, an identification key, phenological period information, geographical distribution, taxonomic notes, photographs and illustrations of the diagnostic characters are presented. The morphological characters relevant to the identification of the species are: branch indumentum; leaf insertion and phyllotaxy, blade, base and apex shapes, indumentum type and venation; inflorescence type and position, presence or absence of bracteoles; presence or absence of spur, as well as the shape of this structure; presence or absence of petals, as well as their color and size. Also presented is the article entitled “Flora of Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco (Brazil): Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. and Onagraceae Juss.”, which is about the families in the Atlantic Forest fragments of Usina São José, Pernambuco, which undergo anthropic actions, resulting in implications for conservation. The taxonomic treatment identified six species and three genera, Cuphea , Rotala (Lythraceae) and Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae). Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne is a new record for Brazil. The characters considered for the delimitation of the species were: phyllotaxy, branch indumentum, leaf shape and indumentum, petal color and apex, capsule shape, seed arrangement and raphe size. Results of these works provide subsidies for understanding the ecological importance of these species, in addition to helping to reduce the taxonomic impediment and serve as a basis for future studies of evolution, ecology and conservation of Brazilian flora. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-02-20T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8803 Título: Alterações no uso da paisagem e seus efeitos sobre sistemas médicos locais no semiárido Autor: VENTURA, Sara Pacheco Primeiro orientador: ALBUQUERQUE, Ulysses Paulino de Abstract: The fragmentation and modification of ecosystems has been recognized as one of the most serious threats to biodiversity. Understanding how tropical biotas respond to human pressures, including environmental changes, is a scientific challenge of global relevance and an urgent task. The environmental history linked to the management of land use, with activities with wide impact such as forestry, agriculture, livestock and modifications of natural disturbance regimes (such as fire), shape the conditions of ecosystem landscapes over time. The landscape, in an ethnobiological perspective, will be the result of the interaction of the human being, the culture and the ecosystem, and it is important to understand how its management has compromised the diversity and use of therapeutic resources, and how this process has contributed with what will be selected for cultural resource use systems, these elements shaping the ecological scenario of resource availability. The management of the natural landscape for different forms of local practices can modify natural landscapes and alter the selective forces that act on the plant resources used. Management alters the richness and diversity of plant species primarily, which consequently can alter the diversity of available resources, and these actions can be better seen when looking at their expressions in socio-ecological systems, such as local medical systems. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-02-21T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8801 Título: Efeito de elicitores bióticos na morfofisiologia e na produção de metabólitos secundários de Lippia alba (Mill.) cultivadas in vitro Autor: SILVA, Pamela Thaís de Souza Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Cláudia Ulisses de Carvalho Abstract: The genus Lippia belongs to the Verbenaceae family and has about 200 species distributed in South, Central America and Africa. The species Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. Ex P. Wilson is found in the Brazilian Northeast semiarid; its leaves are rich in essential oil and have proven antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, with relevance in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. In this sense, micropropagation appears as a technique for in vitro multiplication of plants, where explants are introduced in a nutrient medium, which can be supplemented with substances known as elicitors, which aim at modulations in the growth and production of secondary metabolites in plants developed in vitro. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the application of elicitors on in vitro development and on the production of secondary compounds in Lippia alba. Initially, young cuttings containing nodal segments were removed from parent plants and the process of asepsis started. Then, the nodal segments (1 cm) containing two lateral buds were inoculated in MS medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) with half the ionic strength. The explants were kept in a growth room at 25 ± 2 ° C and a 16-hour photoperiod. After the establishment phase, the plants were seeded and inoculated in pots, containing 50 mL of the semi-solid MS medium plus methyl jasmonate (0, 100, 200 and 300 μM L -1), chitosan or yeast extract in the concentrations of: 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg L -1, for 5 days or 10 days. After that period, the nodal segments (explants) were transferred to test tubes containing MS medium in the absence of the elicitor where they remained for 25 days and subsequently the biometric, biochemical, anatomical parameters and quantitative analysis of the essential oil were evaluated. The quantitative data of the experiment were submitted to ANOVA and compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. It was observed that the elicitation for 10 days affected the growth and development of the plants, and that the addition of 400 and / or 600 mg L-1 of chitosan and 400 mg L-1 of yeast extract for 5 days in the medium promoted the increase in plant height and leaf biomass. In addition, the plants elicited with chitosan showed a higher number of compounds in the essential oil profile compared to the other elicitors and to the control. In this context, for in vitro elicitation of L. alba we indicate the application of 400 and / or 600 mg L-1 of chitosan in the culture medium for 5 days, as these concentrations provided an increase in the growth of the plants, in addition to better strategies to produce secondary metabolites. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2021-04-28T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8800 Título: Características morfológicas dos grãos de pólen e mecanismos florais de polinização em Papilionoideae e Caesalpinoideae -Cassiinae (Leguminosae) Autor: BARROS, Monara da Mota Fonseca do Rêgo Primeiro orientador: LEITE, Ana Virgínia de Lima Abstract: The floral evolution in Leguminosae selected pollinators, making them more specialized. The highest expression of this occurs in Papilionoideae, with four pollen release mechanisms: piston, brush, valve and explosive. Considering that there are different strategies for pollen release among Leguminosae species, we hypothesize that there is a difference between the morphological characteristics of the pollen grains and the different floral mechanisms in the species of Papilionoideae and Caesalpinioideae s.l. poricides. To test the hypothesis, a database was built with information on the pollens of 121 species of Leguminosae pollinated by bees and with different presentation mechanisms, collected from published literature and material available in the Pollen Catalog Network. Statistical analyzes of variance were used to establish a relationship between the categories. From this, a significant relationship was noticed between: exine ornamentation and release strategies; Pollen/Exine (P/E) ratio, general average and general average diameter of the polar axis of the pollen grains, and the different pollen release strategies. It is concluded that, due to both diversity and the complex set of reproductive strategies, the evolution of Leguminosae systems has been building a strong relationship between pollen morphology and the mechanisms of pollen grains release. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-10-31T00:00:00Z