http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4338 2025-10-01T08:26:28Z 2025-10-01T08:26:28Z COSTA, Rosemeire Santos http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9304 2023-10-17T16:10:29Z 2022-02-10T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeito protetor do resveratrol sobre o desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de Lactuca sativa L. expostas ao sulfato de níquel Autor: COSTA, Rosemeire Santos Primeiro orientador: SARAIVA, Rogério de Aquino Abstract: Anthropogenic activities with polluting potential are a problem of great relevance, as they lead to soil contamination by toxic metals in many parts of the world. The accumulation of these toxic metals is a cause for concern in agricultural production, because it is a group of contaminant metals with high persistence capacity in the environment, because they are bioaccumulative and do not decommand not be easily metabolized by plants. Ni is an essential micronutrient for optimal plant growth at low concentrations, but its toxicity is considered more important than its deficiency, due to the deleterious effects being more aggressive. Excessive Ni concentrations influence the morphological, anatomical and biochemical dynamic of plants. Having said that, there is a growing interest focused on the development and use of potentially queling biomolecules as a viable alternative in the process of soil remediation or plant protection. Having said that, the study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of resveratrol (RES) on nickel-induced phytotoxicity in Lactuca sativa L. seedlings grown in microenvironments. The research was developed in a completely randomized design (IHD), with three replications of 30 lettuce seeds. The study was divided into two experiments, the first consisted of different concentrations of RES and the second of the combinations of non-toxic concentrations of RES with toxic levels of NiSO4, plus the control groups: distilled water and isolated concentrations of RES and NiSO4. Germination, morphological and biochemical parameters were analyzed in cultivated seedlings. The results obtained indicate that NiSO4, when applied alone, caused toxicity in lettuce seedlings, but when we analyzed the NiSO4 + RES combinations, we denoted a significant protective effect of RES on the toxicity caused by NiSO4. Thus, the exogenous application of RES can be a great agricultural promise in the physiology of stress caused by toxic metals, because it has chelating action. However, further studies are needed to improve understanding of the exact mechanisms involved in biomolecule actions. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2022-02-10T00:00:00Z AVIZ, Rhaiana Oliveira de http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9303 2023-10-18T13:57:38Z 2022-01-27T00:00:00Z

Título: Inoculação do feijão-caupi com estirpes de alfa e beta-rizóbios nativas de solos do semiárido Autor: AVIZ, Rhaiana Oliveira de Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva Abstract: Chemical fertilization can have negative effects on the environment and on the financial sustainability of crops, so it is important to seek alternative ways of supplying nutrients, with emphasis on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Thus, this work aims to evaluate the development and productivity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) inoculated with alpha and beta-rhizobia strains native to semiarid soils. The study was carried out in the experimental area and laboratories of the Serra Talhada Academic Unit (UAST), belonging to the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). Two experiments were carried out, one for the symbiotic efficiency of the isolates and the other for agronomic evaluation in the field. In the first experiment, a completely randomized design was adopted, with 3 replications, being evaluated 17 isolates of beta-rhizobia and 18 of alpha-rhizobia, and in the second, a randomized block design was adopted, with 4 replications, being evaluated 2 strains of beta-rhizobia. and 2 of alpha-rhizobia selected in the previous test. For both experiments, the control treatments inoculation with the recommended strain (BR 3267), application of nitrogen fertilizer (80 kg.ha -1) and the treatment without inoculation and without nitrogen fertilizer (absolute control) were added. At the end of each experiment, biometric parameters, nodulation, N and CP content, efficiencies and productivity were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, using RStudio software, and means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. In the symbiotic efficiency test phase, the alpha and beta-rhizobia strains showed promising as inoculants for cowpea due to their results equal or superior to the registered strains and also to the nitrogen fertilizer. For the agronomic performance phase of the inoculated cowpea, four strains were chosen, two of alpha-rhizobia C98-3 (Azorhizobium caulinodans) and C78-2 (Bradyrhizobium japonicum), and two of beta-rhizobia C60-2 (Paraburkholderia sabee). and C33-4/1 (Paraburkholderia sabee) because they have the highest averages and originate from the semi-arid region of the sertão. In the agronomic performance phase of cowpea inoculated with alpha-rhizobium strains C78-2 (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) it stood out from the other treatments in all the proposed parameters and the alpha-rhizobium strain C98-3 (Azorhizobium caulinodans) also stood out in relation to to productivity. It is concluded that the alpha-rhizobium C78-2 and alpha-rhizobium C98-3 strains can be recommended for the production of specific inoculants for cowpea. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2022-01-27T00:00:00Z OLIVEIRA, Pablo Henrique de Almeida http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9302 2023-08-10T18:24:25Z 2022-08-08T00:00:00Z

Título: Produção, qualidade e compostos bioativos de batata-doce submetida à adubação fosfatada Autor: OLIVEIRA, Pablo Henrique de Almeida Primeiro orientador: SILVEIRA, Lindomar Maria da Abstract: Sweet potato is among the most important food crops in the world, due to its significance in the human diet and food security, being rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidant substances. Although it is a hardy crop, sweet potato responds well to mineral nutrition. Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plants, as it is directly linked to physiological and biochemical processes essential for plant maintenance, which can influence production and the final quality of the product. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the influence of P doses on the production, quality and bioactive compounds of sweet potato in a semiarid environment. The first experiment was carried out at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, belonging to the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró-RN, during the growing seasons (April to August 2021 and December 2021 to April 2022). The design was in randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments consisted of P doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 P2O5) and the cultivar used was Paraná. After harvesting the roots, carried out 154 days after planting, the following characteristics were evaluated: classification, number and productivity of roots (commercial, non-commercial and total), average mass and percentage of commercial roots. Considering the commercial roots, the following were also evaluated: length, diameter, shape, firmness, elasticity, cooking time and dry matter. Dry matter and shoot production were also evaluated. The second experiment was carried out in the laboratory, using the roots harvested from December 2021 to April 2022. The design was completely randomized, in a 5x3 factorial scheme with two replications. The first factor consisted of the P doses and the second factor of the cultivars (Paraná, BRS Amélia and BRS Cuia. The pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), SS/AT ratio, vitamin C, soluble sugars were evaluated. and the bioactive compounds: flavonoids, anthocyanins and carotenoids. For the first experiment, the P doses influenced the production characteristics, mainly at the dose of 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5, which provided increments in the quantity and mass of commercial tuberous roots, improving the classification of the roots with standards of measures and ideal weights for commercialization. The quality characteristics were satisfactory for the dose 180 kg ha-1 of P2O5, reducing the firmness and providing a reduction in the cooking time of the tuberous roots of sweet potato in the growing season from December 2021 to April 2022. The growing season from December 2021 to April 2022 showed the best results in terms of production and quality characteristics. For the second experiment, the dose 120 kg ha-1 of P2O5 promoted increments for the parameters of pH, SS, AT and SS/AT Ratio, mainly, for the cultivar BRS Cuia in relation to the other cultivars. The cultivar BRS Amélia showed increases in total soluble sugars at the dose of 120 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The dose 240 kg ha-1 of P2O5 provided higher levels of flavonoids and anthocyanins in the cultivar Paraná in relation to the others. Meanwhile, the carotenoid content for the cultivar Paraná was increased in all phosphate doses, mainly at the dose of 60 kg ha-1, showing that the cultivar has a great antioxidant potential, favoring food security. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2022-08-08T00:00:00Z BEZERRA, Lauizy de Andrade http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9301 2023-08-10T18:14:21Z 2022-02-23T00:00:00Z

Título: Avaliação da resistência de cultivares comerciais de milho (Zea mays) ao ataque de Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Autor: BEZERRA, Lauizy de Andrade Primeiro orientador: OLIVEIRA, Carlos Romero Ferreira de Abstract: The beetle Sitophilus zeamais (Curculionidae) is one of the most important pests of stored cereals in the world, being able to infest grains in the field and in storage. The control of this pest is usually done with synthetic insecticides, which are expensive and are often used inappropriately and recurrently, causing the development of insect populations resistant to the products used. Besides this, they leave residues in food and the environment, generating a risk for both human health and the agro-ecosystem. In this sense, the use of resistant varieties stands out as one of the most effective ways to combat pests in storage, because they make the grains more resistant to attack and establishment of insects. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility/resistance of commercial maize cultivars (BRS GORUTUBA-EMBRAPA, SÃO JOSÉ-IPA, CMS 36-IPA, AG 1051 AGROCERES, AL BANDEIRANTE-CATI AND FEROZ VIP-SYNGENTA) to S. zeamais, through tests with and without choice. In the no-choice tests, the daily emergence, the instantaneous growth rate (ri) of S. zeamais, and the grain mass loss were evaluated. Ten individual arenas were used, consisting of plastic jars (100mL) containing 20g of maize of one of the cultivars and 20 unsexed adult insects, aged up to 48h. To evaluate the emergence, the insects were confined in contact with the grains for seven days to lay eggs. After this period, the insects were removed and the grains were stored again for a period of 30 days, being proceeded the count of the number of emerged insects in each cultivar and the mass loss due to the insects consumption. In the test to evaluate the population growth rate of S. zeamais, the same procedures of assembly of the arenas were used, however the insects remained stored in the jars in contact with the grains during 37 days. After this period, the number of live insects in each cultivars was evaluated. In the free-choice test, the preference of S. zeamais for different maize cultivars was evaluated. Arenas composed by a round plastic jars (3L) containing six smaller flasks (50 mL), inserted in a Styrofoam disc, equally spaced. In the smaller jars, 20g of only one of the maize cultivars were distributed, being released in the centre of the arena 100 adult insects of S. zeamais, unsexed, aged up to 48 hours, so that they could choose among the treatments. The arenas were covered with organza and, after 48h, the number of insects in each cultivar was counted. Subsequently, the smaller flasks were covered individually and stored for another 30 days. After this period the daily and total emergence of insects was counted until no new insects appeared, and the loss of grain mass due to insect consumption. All experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, in B.O.D. climatic chambers, at 27±2 °C, 24 h of scotophase and 70±5% RH. The no-choice test showed that there was a significant effect of the tested cultivars on the emergence of S. zeamais. Low insect emergence was observed, mainly in the BRS GORUTUBA, CMS 36 and SÃO JOSÉ cultivars. After the fourth day of evaluation no new insects appeared, except for the SÃO JOSÉ cultivar in which there still emergence on the fifth day of evaluation. For grain mass loss, the lowest values were observed for the cultivars AL BANDEIRANTE and AG-1051 AGROCERES, in both tests (free and no-choice), but in general the losses were low, ranging from 0 .5% to 2%. Regarding the preference test, it was observed that BRS GORUTUBA and SÃO JOSÉ showed greater attraction for initial insect feeding and/or oviposition than the other cultivars evaluated. On the other hand, positive values of ri were observed only in the cultivars BRS GORUTUBA and CMS-36, indicating that there was a population growth of S. zeamais in these cultivars. It was concluded that the cultivars BRS GORUTUBA and SÃO JOSÉ were more susceptible to the attack by S. zeamais while AL BANDEIRANTE and AG-1051 AGROCERES were more resistant, being observed that the mechanisms involved were antixenosis and antibiosis. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2022-02-23T00:00:00Z