TEDE Communidade:

Efeito da adição da cantaxantina na produção de embriões bovinos in vitro

2019-12-26T13:47:38Z

Título: Efeito da adição da cantaxantina na produção de embriões bovinos in vitro Autor: SHEBLI, Wasim Al Primeiro orientador: BARTOLOMEU, Cláudio Coutinho Abstract: In this work three different concentrations of a natural nonenzymatic antioxidant (Canthaxanthin) were added to in vitro maturation medium, the work consisted of two experiments, in the first experiment groups of oocyte-cumulus complex were matured, without Canthaxanthin, (Control Group C, 155 oocytes), with 1 μM (T1 Group, 153 oocytes), with 0.5 μM (T2 Group, 153 oocytes), and with 0.25 μM (T1 Group, 153 oocytes), 24h after in vitro maturation, the oocytes of each group were denuded, fixed, then stained with Lacmoid 1% to visualize the oocytes´ nuclei, the oocytes that showed the metaphase II spindle and/or the first polar body were classified as maturated oocytes, the nuclear maturation rate did not show significant difference between the experimental groups (P>0.05), the percentage of the oocytes that reached the MII was C, T1, T2, and T3, 74.8%, 74.17%, 78%, and 77.9%, respectively, the concentration of 0.5 μM (T2) showed the highest nuclear maturation rate among the experimental groups, so it was utilized in the second experiment. In the second experiment two groups were utilized (C, and T2 118, and 113, respectively), to verify the effect of Canthaxanthin on the in vitro embryonic development, neither the cleavage rates (C:72.9%, and T2: 76%), nor the total blastocyst rates (C:44.9%, and T2: 39.8%) showed significant difference (P>0.05), after the classification of embryonic development stages (168 hpi), the early blastocyst rate (C:2.54 %, and T2: 8.84%), and the blastocyst rate (C:11 %, and T2: 3.53%) showed a significant differences (P<0.05), but the other stages did not show significant differences (P<0.05), (C, and T2, expanded blastocyst, and hatched blastocyst, 17.8%, 13.6%, and 19.5%, 8% respectively); the results of our work showed that the Canthaxanthin did not affect the nuclear maturation of the in vitro matured oocytes, or the in vitro embryo production. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Perfil metabólico de cabras leiteiras hígidas durante o período de transição

2019-05-21T15:55:16Z

Título: Perfil metabólico de cabras leiteiras hígidas durante o período de transição Autor: SOARES, Gliére Silmara Leite Primeiro orientador: MENDONÇA, Carla Lopes de Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile (energetic, proteic, enzymatic, hormonal and mineral) of clinically healthy dairy goats, reared in the semi-arid region of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, during the transition period. 94 crossbred goats (Saanen, Toggenburg, Pardo Alpina and Alpina Americana), pregnant, multiparous, mostly with twin pregnancy, were submitted to the intensive breeding system. The experimental design consisted of the moments, 30 days before delivery (30dap), 20dap, 10dap, time of delivery (P), 10 days postpartum (10dpp), 20dpp and 30dpp. Energy metabolic metabolites (βHB, AGNES, glucose, fructosamine, cholesterol and triglycerides) were analyzed; Proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin, urea and creatinine); Enzymes (AST, GGT, CK and amylase); Hormones (insulin, cortisol, free T3 and free T4) and minerals (total calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and chloride). The results were analyzed through analysis of variance at the 5% probability level and by regression analysis. The variables, cholesterol, CK, free T3, free T4, ionized calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium did not present physiological adaptive changes during the transition period. At the time of delivery, the highest concentrations (P <0.05) of AGNEs, glucose and cortisol were observed, and the lowest (P <0.05) of total calcium and albumin were observed. In the final stage of gestation, higher concentrations of insulin, creatinine and triglycerides were observed, whereas in the initial phase of lactation the concentrations of βHB, fruitsamine and globulin were higher. The AST, GGT and amylase enzymes showed higher serum lactate activity. The results obtained in this study, in a physiological condition, could be used as an aid tool in the early detection of blood changes, resulting from metabolic imbalances that occurred in the transition period, allowing early therapeutic intervention. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Efeito do bloqueio meiótico sobre a maturação e fertilização de oócitos bovinos

2019-05-21T15:45:26Z

Título: Efeito do bloqueio meiótico sobre a maturação e fertilização de oócitos bovinos Autor: SANTANA, Breno Barros de Primeiro orientador: CARNEIRO, Gustavo Ferrer Abstract: Biotechnology of reproduction has been increasingly used in order to improve genetic material as well as germplasm preservation. Provision of viable oocytes in stage suitable for its use is essential to the success of this technique. An alternative would be to prevent resumption of meiosis after removal of oocytes from follicular environment inducing a meiotic blockage with the aim of providing the oocyte more time available so that it could be possible to suffer modifications required to support fertilization and normal embryonic development. Inhibitors, as Rolipram has been used with this objective. These blockers can improve oocyte competence through a better cytoplasmatic maturation. The goal of this project was to evaluate the effect of rolipram during maturation of bovine oocytes on quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. Ovaries was collected at slaughter and transported to the laboratory of Animal Reproduction at UAG/UFRPE - LABRAPE. The COC`s were selected and divided into 5 groups: Control 1 (time 0): oocytes fixed and stained immediately after selection to observe after collection status; control: in vitro maturation for 24 hours in the absence of Rolipram; Rolipram in 3 different treatments: blockage for 24 hours in maturation medium containing (100, 150 and 200 μM). After 24 hours, treatment and control groups were placed in maturation medium for over 24 hours to observe the reversal of the blockage. These oocytes were evaluated using an epifluorescent microscope to check maturation stage. After maturation, oocytes from control (within 24 hours of in vitro maturation) and treatments groups with Rolipram were in vitro fertilized 48 hours post fertilization to assess cleavage and blastocyst formation at D7 post fertilization. In addition, part of the oocytes were stored for expression of the following genes: Mater, BMP15 and BAX, to observe the effect of the blocker on expression of these genes in the embryos. As far as gene expression, no difference was seen between control group and treatments. The oocytes evaluated immediately after follicular aspiration 79.00% were in VG, QVGBD, or MI, characterized as immature and 13.40%, was in MII and 7.60%, were considered degenerate or not identified. In different concentrations of T100 and T200 T150 μ M, we observed significant differences in oocytes that have reached the MII phase comparing with control treatments (P = 0.003). As for the embryonic development, differences in the rate of cleavage (P < 0.05) were observed between T150 and T200 when compared to Control 24 hour Group. A difference was seen on blastocyst rate (P < 0.001) among the treatments compared to control group, being T100 μM the concentration which provided less negative effects during pre-maturing of bovine oocytes. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Malformações congênitas e abortos induzidos experimentalmente pela ingestão de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz (Catingueira) em ovelhas

2019-05-21T15:31:55Z

Título: Malformações congênitas e abortos induzidos experimentalmente pela ingestão de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz (Catingueira) em ovelhas Autor: CORREIA, Davi Alexandre de Barros Primeiro orientador: TORRES, Márcia Bersane Araújo de Medeiros Abstract: Sheep breeding in Northeast of Brazil represents an important social and economic role and the economic losses caused by toxic plants in this sector may be indirect as the increase in production costs or direct as the decrease of the reproductive indexes caused mainly due to the occurrence of congenital malformation and abortion. In the Northeast the toxic plants that stand out causing reproductive problems are Mimosa tenuiflora, Aspidosperma pyrifolium and Poincianella pyramidalis. One of the main differential diagnoses of plant poisoning that causes reproductive disorders is the occurrence of infectious agents related to abortion and malformation, as Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Blue tongue vírus. P. pyramidalis (catingueira) is described causing abortion, embryonic death and congenital malformations in goats and rats. Main malformations are described in head and limbs. Field studies in the agrarian region of the State of Pernambuco were conducted during the years 2012-2016 and revealed the occurrence of several outbreaks and spontaneous cases of congenital malformations and abortions in sheep associated with poisoning by P. pyramidalis because it is the predominant plant in the properties. As there are no reports in the literature of experimental poisoning by P. pyramidalis in sheep, it is necessary to perform an experiment to confirm its fetotoxic effect, to describe main malformations and doses capable to develop reproductive disorders in the sheep. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação