TEDE Communidade:

Monitoramento nutricional da dieta de pequenos ruminantes utilizando espectroscopia da reflectância do infravermelho próximo (NIRS) no sertão de Pernambuco

2025-09-18T13:42:32Z

Título: Monitoramento nutricional da dieta de pequenos ruminantes utilizando espectroscopia da reflectância do infravermelho próximo (NIRS) no sertão de Pernambuco Autor: MACIEL, Michel do Vale Primeiro orientador: BATISTA, Ângela Maria Vieira Abstract: The objective was to monitor the nutritional value of small ruminant diet using spectroscopic reflectance near-infrared (NIRS) and characterize grazing Caatinga. The survey was conducted from january to december 2014, at the Estação Experimental in Sertânia, belonging to Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco –IPA, in the municipality of Sertânia, Pernambuco (PE), in an area of 37 hectares of Caatinga. In the experimental area, seven parallel transects strokes. They were marked in each transect evaluation points every 20 meters, totaling 136 points of evaluation of botanical composition, availability of strata and taking samples for chemical composition. To determine the nutritional value of the diet, it was used five sheep and six goats, all with permanent fistula in the rumen and average weight of 32,35 + 2,37 and 32,68 + 1,14 kg, respectively. The animals were loose in the pasture 7:00 hours and 17:00 hours collected, received mineral salt and water ad libitum for five consecutive days each month of collection. The total production of feces was obitida by total collection utilizandos bags adapted to animals. The dry matter intake was obtained by the inverse calculation of digestibility: Consumption (kg DM / day) = fecal production / (1-digestibility). The CMS was calculated from other inputs MO, MM, FDN and FDA by multiplying the amount of dry matter consumed by the percentage of each nutrient extrusa. To obtain spectra of the samples was used FOSS 5000 Nirsystem II machine using ISIScan® software. Foss 5000, with reading in a range from 1100 to 2500 nm in the near infrared region, with 2 nm spectral range. Were scanned in all fecal samples 660, 360 with respect faeces of 300 goats and ovine species for obtaining the spectra. They were calibrated prediction equations for a Global Model (goats and sheep in different seasons) model using composite samples, separating species (goats and sheep), separating the seasons (rain, trasição dry rain, drought and trasição dry rain) and separating species insides of seasons (dry and wet). The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) provides good accuracy to determine the composition of PB and DIVMO the lies of small ruminant grazing in the Caatinga. The floristic composition of the Caatinga has large amounts of plant species, mostly endemic plants. The availability of biomass and chemical composition vary directly by the presence or absence of rain and decreasing or increasing the disponibinilidade and the chemical composition of all strata. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of organic matter to lay the sheep are larger than the goat when grazing in the Caatinga, in the months of highest incidence rainfall and are influenced by the absence of rain, the sheep, there is more variation throughout the year than the goat. The protein content of the diet of sheep and goats grazing in the Caatinga are above the minimum, described for these species, with much of this nitrogen connected to fiber. The use of a global model for both species, in different seasons (rain, TCS, Drought and TSC) is considered feasible to predict the diet of small ruminants in the Caatinga due to greater robustness of the model. The fecal NIRS technology proved to be a great alternative to partial substitution of fistulated animals in sample collection, since the calibration is done correctly. Even in heterogeneous environments such as Caatinga, the NIR has proven effective, with the limit of its use sampling in the calibration. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese

Utilização de feno ou silagem de maniçoba em substituição ao feno de Tifton 85 na alimentação de ovinos

2025-09-18T12:56:23Z

Título: Utilização de feno ou silagem de maniçoba em substituição ao feno de Tifton 85 na alimentação de ovinos Autor: MACIEL, Michel do Vale Primeiro orientador: CARVALHO, Francisco Fernando Ramos de Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the subsitution of Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon sp.) For hay or silage (Manihot sp.) In diets without defined breed growing on weight gain, carcass yield and commercial cuts. We used 24 (twenty four) animals, with initial weight of 19.77 ± 1.95 kg and average age of six months, distributed in a randomized block design. The total duration of the experiment was 71 days, 15 days for diet adaptation and 56 for data collection. There was no difference in crude protein (P> 0.05) difference was found for the consumption of neutral detergent fiber between treatments (P <0.05) with lower consumption found for treatment with silage Maniçoba. Animals fed diets containing hay maniçoba had higher dry matter intake (P <0.05). Weight gain, feed conversion ratio was similar among treatments. The mean weight gain was 153.3, 156.9, and 135.3 g / day, respectively, for diets containing Tifton hay, hay and silage maniçoba. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) for carcass weight and yield, loss of cooling (LC) and true yield (RV) between treatments. There was no difference in the yields of cuts (%) by the use of hay or silage to replace Maniçoba of Tifton. There was also no significant difference (P> 0.05) for the morphometric measurements of carcass. The hay and silage can replace Maniçoba Tifton hay in sheep feeding finishing without compromising weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield and carcass characteristics. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Composição corporal e parâmetros de desenvolvimento de potros da raça quarto de milha

2024-02-26T16:08:41Z

Título: Composição corporal e parâmetros de desenvolvimento de potros da raça quarto de milha Autor: SIQUEIRA, Rodrigo Primeiro orientador: MANSO, Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the morphometric parameters and body composition to monitoring the development of Quarter Horse foals, in the Brazilian Northeast, from birth to 24 months of life. In this study 51 foals were monitored monthly and the following body measurements were taken: withers height (WH), croup height (CH), cannon bone circumference (CBC), chest perimeter (CP), body weight, in addition to ultrasonographic evaluation of rump fat thickness (RFT). With the RFT data, Fat-Free Mass (FFM), Fat Percentage (FP) and Fat Mass (FM) were determined. The results demonstrated that the parameters analyzed changed significantly during the study period between age groups (P<0.05). At 24 months the foals reached 98% of the height at the withers, the cannon bone circumference 88%, the croup height reached 101%, the chest perimeter 94%, and finally 84.93% of the weight expected into adulthood. The average daily gain (ADG) in the 1st month was 1.428 kg/day, the foals practically doubled their weight in this phase, with 6 months the ADG was 0.686 kg/day, at 12 months 0.370 kg /day, 0.321 kg/day at 18 months and 0.201 kg/day at 24 months. In conclusion, developing foals show high weight gain and their morphometric measurements increase in a constant and linear way, demonstrating the importance of monitoring their development from birth in order to avoid yield losses in their adulthood. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Estudo preliminar para predição de consumo de nutrientes e desempenho de ovinos deslanados em confinamento baseado em aprendizagem de máquina

2023-06-29T13:17:07Z

Título: Estudo preliminar para predição de consumo de nutrientes e desempenho de ovinos deslanados em confinamento baseado em aprendizagem de máquina Autor: COSTA, Hadja Lorena Rangel Uchôa Cavalcanti de Menezes Primeiro orientador: VÉRAS, Antonia Sherlânea Chaves Abstract: Once the main reason for confinement of livestock animals is to produce quality meat to supply the domestic market with regular supply and at the lowest production cost, the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) system that allows the prediction of animal performance based on initial inputs and historical data seems promising, enabling low-performing animals to be identified in advance and discarded to maximize production. Given the importance of this information, as well as nutrient consumption by animals, the present study aims to investigate the use of ANN as predictors of nutrient intake and, from the chemical composition of the diet, predict the performance of shorn sheep in confinement. The database was obtained from information from scientific experiments conducted in the sheep sector of the Department of Animal Science at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. To test the efficacy of ANN in predicting desired characteristics, nine other prediction techniques with distinct features were explored to evaluate different scenarios and observe the best technique for each situation. Dealing with all predicted points, such as average daily intake, average daily gain, and final body weight, the ANN demonstrated a performance well below expectations when compared to other techniques included in the analysis. This may be a consequence of the low volume of data available for training, verification, and checking of the prediction models. Further studies are needed to explore other promising prediction tools for animal science as a whole. In summary, although ANNs may be a promising technique in the field of animal science, it is important to carefully evaluate the selection of variables and appropriate techniques for each specific case to obtain more accurate and reliable results. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação